Please see the [Transcriber’s Notes] at the end of this text.

PICTURED PUZZLES AND
WORD PLAY

BY THE SAME AUTHOR

UNIFORM WITH THIS VOLUME

THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
STANDARD PUZZLE BOOK

Crown 8vo. Cloth Extra. Gilt.

FRONTISPIECE

Can you discover by anagram what the ape is saying to the elephant, from this descriptive sentence?

A sly tree-ape, he tries a rum telephone.

Exactly the same letters must be used.

[Solution]

Pictured Puzzles
AND
Word Play

A Companion to
THE TWENTIETH CENTURY STANDARD
PUZZLE BOOK

EDITED BY
A. CYRIL PEARSON, M.A.

AUTHOR OF
“100 Chess Problems,” “Anagrams, Ancient and Modern,” Etc.

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED

LONDON
GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO.

CONTENTS.

[Frontispiece Puzzle]
PAGE
Pictured Puzzles and Word Play[1]
Enigmas, Charades, Puzzles, &c., &c.[130]
Odds and Ends[188]
Solutions to Pictured Puzzles[202]
Solutions to Word Play[283]
Solutions to Odds and Ends[375]

PICTURED PUZZLES

No. I.—A GOOD SPECIMEN

Here is a nest of magic squares, seven of them within the four corners of one diagram:—

149 16 33 196 47 197 44 208 42 203 57 194 38 54 217
177 62 183 52 213 59 160 15 161 85 156 190 105 28 49
56 147 201 146 75 155 2 220 3 153 53 26 209 79 170
162 76 148 180 83 187 41 104 22 195 145 60 78 150 64
74 176 4 124 119 37 154 48 186 138 109 102 222 50 152
221 24 175 63 86 116 93 135 94 127 140 163 51 202 5
10 215 69 159 134 95 98 126 115 131 92 67 157 11 216
219 19 165 1 136 97 130 113 96 129 90 225 61 207 7
8 205 84 191 87 158 111 100 128 68 139 35 142 21 218
214 34 144 27 112 99 133 91 132 110 114 199 82 192 12
14 123 55 106 117 189 72 178 40 88 107 120 171 103 212
206 89 181 166 143 39 185 122 204 31 81 46 45 137 20
58 101 17 80 151 71 224 6 223 73 173 200 25 125 168
118 198 43 174 13 167 66 211 65 141 70 36 121 164 108
9 210 193 30 179 29 182 18 184 23 169 32 188 172 77

[Image]

As each border is removed a fresh magic square remains, in which the numbers in the cells of each row, column, and diagonal add up to the same sum, while each of these sums is a multiple of the central 113.

No. II.—A BORDERED DIAMOND
By G. Slater

1
91 117
3 20 160
27 25 129 65
156 154 42 38 165
161 15 138 36 103 26
130 153 136 124 81 54 159
162 147 120 69 75 135 151 52
39 22 55 112 111 110 33 64 78
4 152 76 57 56 62 61 63 93 7
168 146 139 100 99 98 97 96 102 142 158
6 21 29 45 44 43 49 48 47 133 51 104
157 80 30 88 87 86 85 84 83 82 140 90 13
53 41 134 123 122 121 127 126 125 52 145 79
10 132 89 74 73 72 71 70 34 16 167
105 67 35 109 108 114 113 50 155 143
5 116 137 60 59 58 115 17 14
144 19 107 95 101 94 23 9
11 106 68 46 31 148 40
118 77 37 41 18 8
92 38 128 24 131
163 148 149 166
12 130 2
66 164
169

[Image]

It is a perfect magic diamond as it stands, and equally perfect are the diamonds that remain when each border of cells is removed, as is indicated by the lines.

WORD PLAY

1. A PARADOX

Two words in our region of puzzledom pose,
And claim, through the passage of years
That neither the pages of Johnson disclose,
While either in Murray appears.

[Solution]

No. III.—A MULTIFOLD MAGIC SQUARE

Here is a magic square of 81 cells.

53 8 71 28 73 10 51 6 69
62 44 26 19 37 55 60 42 24
17 80 35 61 1 46 15 78 33
66 21 30 14 59 50 34 79 16
3 39 75 77 41 5 25 43 61
48 57 12 32 23 68 70 7 52
31 76 13 72 27 36 11 56 47
22 40 58 9 45 81 74 38 2
67 4 49 54 63 18 29 20 65

If divided, as is shown, into 9 small squares, each of these is also a magic square, and yet another magic square is formed by the totals of these 9 squares arranged thus:—

396 333 378
351 369 387
360 405 342

[Images]

No. IV.—A MODEL MAGIC SQUARE

This magic square, which has in its cells the first sixteen numbers, is so constructed that these add up to 34 in very many ways.

4 15 14 1
9 6 7 12
5 10 11 8
16 3 2 13

[Image]

How many of these, in addition to the usual rows, columns, and diagonals, can you discover? They must, of course, be in some sort symmetrical.

[Solution]

2. A PREDOMINANT VOWEL

Can you fill in the missing letters which are needed to turn the oft-repeated “u” below into rhyming verse:—

.u.. .u.u. .u..u.., ..u...u. .u.. u..u..,
.u... .u.., .u. .u..u.. .u..u... ..u...u. ..u..;
...u.. .u...., .u.. .u..u.. ..u... .u... .u... u..u..,
U. .u...., .u.. ..u..-.u.u., .u..u.’. .u...u. .u..

[Solution]

No. V.—TESSELATED DIAMOND
By G. Slater

106
13 109
113 16 14
12 110 107 15
42 9 11 100 78
74 81 112 10 56 71
67 53 87 111 83 43 34
27 49 50 35 59 63 84 6
96 26 46 72 68 39 37 115 7
30 95 97 76 75 33 85 3 116 114
91 31 28 94 40 61 82 120 2 5 117
92 90 25 64 89 47 41 119 121 8
29 93 58 62 54 69 86 4 118
32 66 60 57 73 52 80 1
44 79 65 19 45 48 36
51 38 104 18 55 70
88 22 103 105 77
99 23 20 102
100 98 17
21 101
24

[Image]

In this ingenious diamond all rows and both diagonals add up to 671; in the four corner diamonds all add up to 244; and in the central diamond, and the 16 rows of threes surrounding it, to 183.

3. AN ENIGMA

I see my first, I see my next,
And both I sigh and see
Joined to my third, which much perplexed
And sorely puzzled me.
’Twas fifty, and ’twas something more,
Reversed ’twas scarce an ell,
With first and next it forms a whole
Clear as a crystal bell.
What is my whole? A splendid tear
Upheld in cruel thrall;
Blow soft, ye gales, bright sun appear!
And bid me gently fall.

[Solution]

No. VI.—MAGIC SQUARE BY MULTIPLICATION

Here is a magic square, in which the rows, columns, and diagonals yield the same product, 4096, by multiplication:—

128 1 32
4 16 64
8 256 2

[Image]

It will be seen that the numbers in this square, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, are in regular progression, and 4096 is also the cube of the central 16.

No. VII.—ANOTHER BORDERED MAGIC SQUARE

Here is quite a good example of a bordered magic square of sixty-four cells:—

1 56 55 11 53 13 14 57
63 15 47 22 42 24 45 2
62 49 25 40 34 31 16 3
4 48 28 37 35 30 17 61
5 44 39 26 32 33 21 60
59 19 38 27 29 36 46 6
58 20 18 43 23 41 50 7
8 9 10 54 12 52 51 64

[Image]

It is a perfect specimen itself, and as each border is removed a fresh perfect magic square is revealed.

4. A CHARADE

Take for my first a quadruped,
Transpose one for my second;
My whole, a biped, quick or dead,
Is dainty reckoned.

[Solution]

5. BYRON’S ENIGMA

I am not in youth, nor in manhood, nor age,
But in infancy ever am known;
I’m a stranger alike to the fool and the sage,
And though I’m distinguish’d in history’s page
I always am greatest alone.

I am not in earth, nor the sun, nor the moon;
You may search all the sky—I’m not there;
In the morning and evening—though not in the noon—
You may plainly perceive me—for, like a balloon,
I am midway suspended in air.

Though disease may possess me, and sickness and pain,
I am never in sorrow nor gloom;
Though in wit and in wisdom I equally reign,
I’m the heart of all sin, and have long lived in vain,
Yet I ne’er shall be found in the tomb!

[Solution]

No. VIII.—A HARDY ANNUAL

A magic square can be formed with the 81 numbers from 172 to 252 inclusive, which in all its rows, columns, and diagonals will total 1908. It may interest our solvers to complete the square.

216 175 224 240 199 248
247 215 174 190 239 207
206 246 214 230 198 238
213 172 221
244 212 180
203 252 211
186 226 194 210 178 218
217 185 234 250 209 177
176 225 184 200 249 208

[Image]

We have filled in, as a solid start, 45 of the 81 cells.

[Solution]

No. IX.—ANOTHER “ANNO DOMINI”

This magic square adds up in rows, columns, and diagonals to 1908:—

469 484 472 483
481 474 478 475
482 471 485 470
476 479 473 480

[Image]

Can you decide in how many other symmetrical ways the same total is to be made?

[Solution]

No. X.—A DOMINO MAGIC SQUARE

In this magic square the rows, columns, and diagonals add up always to 33.

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●
● ●
● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ●
● ●
● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ● ●
● ●
● ● ● ● ● ●

[Image]

Can you rearrange it so that the first stone (three-ace) shall occupy the centre, now filled by the double six, and it shall still add up in all ways to 33?

[Solution]

6. SHIFTING LETTERS

I am bright as a whole
Till you cut off my head;
Then as black as a coal,
Or a mortal instead.

Shaken up and recast
We with science are found,
Read us back from the last
And we live underground.

[Solution]

No. XI.—CHESS AND NUMBERS

The arrangement of numbers in the 36 cells of this square discloses a very close affinity between chess and arithmetic.

30 21 6 15 28 19
7 16 29 20 5 14
22 31 8 35 18 27
9 36 17 26 13 4
32 23 2 11 34 25
1 10 33 24 3 12

[Image]

Can you follow this out?

[Solution]

7. A GOOD CHARADE
By Horace Smith, one of the authors of “Rejected Addresses.”

In arts and sciences behold my first the watchword still,
All prejudice must bend the knee before its iron will;
Yet “Onward!” is the Briton’s cry—a cry that doth express
A holy work but half begun, and speaks of hopefulness.

In palace or in lonely cot its name alike is heard,
And in the Senate’s lordly halls sit my second and my third.
Strange paradox, though for my first my total is designed,
Sad marks of vice and ignorance we in that whole may find.

[Solution]

No. XII.—NUMBERS PATIENCE

Those who combine a fancy for “Patience” with some skill in numbers will find amusement in filling the empty cells of this diagram with appropriate numbers, each of which must consist of two figures:—

17 24
32 46
14
19 16
22 20

[Image]

It is required that each of the rows across from side to side shall add up, when all the cells are filled, to 143 exactly. No number must be used more than once.

[Solution]

No. XIII.—THE WINDMILL

Can you divide a square into 15 parts, which can be built up into this windmill?

[Solution]

8. THRICE BEHEADED

Untouched I tell of budding growth and life;
Beheaded I lead upward more or less;
Again—with varied fragrance I am rife;
Again—but little value I express.

[Solution]

No. XIV.—A NEST OF RECTANGLES

In this nest of 49 squares it is possible to count a great number of distinct and interlacing figures, whose opposite sides are equal, and whose angles are all right angles.

[Image]

Can you decide exactly the number of these rectangles, and say how many of them are square?

[Solution]

9. AN ENIGMA

Search Holy Writ and you will see
A victory was won by me.
Behead me, and I may be found
In water or on hilly ground.
Behead again, and then transpose,
A snare my letters now disclose.
If yet again my head you sever,
No matter how sharp-set or clever
’Tis all in vain you look about,
For no one yet has found me out.

[Solution]

No. XV.—ANOTHER DOMINO MAGIC SQUARE

Can you, using all the dominoes except double five, five-six, and double six, construct with the twenty-five stones a magic square that adds up in all rows, columns, and diagonals to 27, and in which the stones in the cells marked by the same figures in this diagram also add up to that number?

2 1 2
4 3 4
1 3 3 1
4 3 4
2 1 2

[Image]

[Solution]

No. XVI.—DOMINO PATIENCE

The problem is to construct, with all the twenty-eight stones, a domino pyramid of seven stages, starting with a single stone, and adding one stone on each successive stage.

The stones must be so arranged that the number of pips in any row or column are in all cases exactly three times the number of half-dominoes of which that line or column is composed. There are many solutions to exercise the solver’s patience.

[Solution]

10. LEGAL PLEASANTRIES

Said a lawyer aside to his friend in the court,
“Now I’d bet, were we not in this place,
That my first is my second a bottle of port,”
Then bright with my whole shone his face.

[Solution]

11. RIVALS ON THE ROAD

Six horse buses and four motor buses travel each hour from Temple Bar to the Bank. The horses take 15 minutes, and the motors 10 minutes on the journey.

If I come to Temple Bar, and wish to reach the Bank as soon as possible, shall I take the first horse bus that turns up, or wait for a motor? It must be assumed that I can only see a bus as it actually passes me.

[Solution]

No. XVII.—A FRIENDLY HINT

The father of this venturesome lad, who was on the point of breaking out of bounds, came on the scene just in time to warn him in a sentence of nine words, five of which were “Never throw a leg, lad.”

Can you supply the other four words, which are spelt with exactly the same letters?

[Solution]

No. XVIII.—CATASTROPHE

In this picture we see that a cat has sprung upon the table to interview the parrot.

The title “Catastrophe” recast by anagram, tells the parrot’s happy thought at this critical moment, and the appropriate sentence,

“New parrot-stand in a house,”

tells, also by anagram, how he put this into instant operation.

[Solution]

12. A HISTORICAL CHARADE

My first, if foolishly or rashly taken,
May mar the future prospects of your life.
My second, by her fickle lord forsaken
(Sad type of many a gentle, patient wife),
May toil and moil to feed his many babies,
While he goes flirting off with other ladies.
The thrifty monarch of a former age
My whole a place in Britain’s history fills.
Immortalised in Shakespeare’s magic pages
As one who’d fain reform his tailor’s bills!

[Solution]

No. XIX.—A PRECOCIOUS BOY

This is the picture of the first prize boy at a baby show. The judge, noticing the position of one chubby fist, said to the proud mother, “Your lad Tommy likes such tit-bits.”

To his amazement the baby, removing the comforting hand, replied in eight words composed of exactly the same letters, “So to-day, sir, . .... .. ...... .....” Can you complete the sentence?

[Solution]

No. XX.—AGAINST THE COLLAR

The lady who is sitting at the back of this overloaded waggonette cries out, in her sympathy with the struggling horse, “This big load quite hinders his pull.”

Her husband, full of holiday spirits and energy, answers her in a sentence of mingled reproof and determination, which forms a perfect anagram of the words of his wife, and describes his feelings and action. Can you recast the letters?

[Solution]

No. XXI.—IN A BILLIARD-ROOM

At the moment when a burly and keen player was in this strange and striking attitude,

a bystander whispered to the marker, “Eh! what a stout player is striking!”

Can you, using exactly the same letters, put into the mouth of the marker a reply appropriate to the position?

[Solution]

13. A SAUCY MAIDEN

My second, worn with pompous pride,
My first had dangling at his side,
On chain securely hooked.
My first he came from o’er the sea,
A bundle of conceit looked he,
And he was all he looked.

She led him to the village green,
Where in desponding mood was seen
My whole, with drooping head.
“Behold,” she said, “a perfect, true,
And striking likeness, sir, of you!”
And, laughing, gaily fled.

[Solution]

No. XXII.—EVOLVING A PAINTER

There are two English words which are appropriate to this picture—

One of them has as its anagram the very apposite sentence, “Or not a man first;” the other treated in similar fashion becomes, “O I love nuts!” What are the two words?

[Solution]

14. DOUBLETS

Who can turn WHEAT into BREAD with six links, changing one letter each time, and preserving the general order of the letters throughout?

[Solution]

No. XXIII.—THE PICK OF THE PACK

How can we decide by anagram whether this is a fancy portrait of “William or dear Jack?”

Shake up and recast the words in inverted commas.

[Solution]

15. AN OLD ENIGMA

Can our readers solve this enigma, which was published in 1811, and to which no answer seems to be known?

I’m one among a numerous host,
And very useful in my post;
There’s not a house in all the land
Without me properly can stand.
Though men disputed long ago
Whether I did exist or no,
Once more some thousands have been slain
Because they could not me attain.

[Solution]

No. XXIV.—A PICTURE PUZZLE

Take this picture in connection with the lines below it, and find out what it represents.

Begin with the end of my first,
then you will find out the rest;
For it all will appeal to your thirst,
Or point to a ponderous guest.

[Solution]

No. XXV.—AN ANXIOUS POSE

His wife, who chanced to see Jiggers at the trying moment here depicted, said that he seemed to be in a “sad pet.”

How was this literally true?

[Solution]

No. XXVI.—TOSS NEITHER HEAD NOR TAIL

Never was a cow so troublesome at milking-time.

Our picture was taken at the moment when Farmer Hayseed was exclaiming, as he held on behind, “See, we hold this cow’s horns and tail!”

The same letters, recast by anagram, form this sentence spoken by his foreman—

“She cannot toss, ... .... .... .. ..”

Can you fill in the five missing words?

[Solution]

16. ANAGRAM PROVERBS

These grave lips chatter no ill.
or
Elephants, all to richest giver!

Can you recast the letters of these sentences so that either of them forms the same homely proverb, to which the first anagram is most akin?

[Solution]

No. XXVII.—ACTION AND PASSION

This very resolute horse and his anxious driver take quite different views of the situation shown in this picture.

We can fancy that the fast trotter, if he could be endowed with speech, would say, “I’m a train’d stepper!”

Can you take these same letters, and recast them into a sentence which would seem to express the driver’s point of view?

[Solution]

17. A SHORT CHARADE

My first of rudeness has a sound;
The rest is in a city found;
My whole to win its way is bound.

[Solution]

No. XXVIII.—A FEAT WITHOUT ARMS

In this picture a clever artist who has no arms is seen calmly painting with his feet.

One onlooker says to another, “Why, now I see this fine artist has no hand!” The other replies in a sentence which contains exactly the same letters:

“He draws in any fashion .... ... ... ... .”

Can you fill in the four missing words?

[Solution]

No. XXIX.—NOT TAKING ANY

“This is a wine bottle, dear, on a lure,” said a crafty fisher of men to his better half, who was helping him, as he showed her this illustration of their aims.

1834
PORT

She knew, however, that the fish he sought to catch was not to be tempted in this way, and she replied in words spelt with exactly the same letters, “And see, he will not .... .. ... ....!”

Can you fill in the four missing words?

[Solution]

No. XXX.—MUSIC HATH CHARMS

This sturdy musical enthusiast, as he settled himself upon his chair, said, “What shall I play?” and some one replied, “Any strains of Beethoven, he charms all!”

This suggestion, however, was not acceptable, and he, as he struck up a piece after his own heart, exclaimed, in a sentence composed of exactly the same letters—

“Nay, for this ’cello ...... .... . ......!”

Can you supply the missing words?

[Solution]

No. XXXI

This picture represents a parsnip lying across a sturdy swede.

Can you so readjust them that they seem to suggest a successful dramatist of the day? We give this broad hint by anagram—

“Here is our parsnip on swede.”
ANAGRAM
Wise and superior person he!

[Solution]

No. XXXII.—A GOOD LETTER PUZZLE

Can you fill the places of these 21 asterisks with only three different letters, arranging them so that they spell a common English word in twelve different directions?

● ● ● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ●
● ● ● ●
● ● ● ● ●

[Image]

[Solution]

18. A BURIED POTENTATE

My first is in cake, but not in bun;
My second in light, but not in sun;
My third is in night, but not in day;
My fourth is in game, but not in play;
My fifth is in head, but not in tail,
My sixth is in wind, but not in sail;
My seventh in wrong, but not in right,
My eighth is in battle, but not in fight;
My ninth is in sword, but not in knife,
My tenth is in lady, but not in wife;
My whole is a monarch at war with strife.

[Solution]

No. XXXIII.—ANAGRAM ARITHMETIC

First form a short sentence with the ten letters that are above the line in this diagram:—

S B
R E
Y D
O T
U O
O E E

[Image]

Next number the letters of the sentence consecutively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0, and then work out a sum in addition with these numbers substituted for the letters with which they correspond.

[Solution]

No. XXXIV.—A BUNCH OF FLOWERS

Find within these borders twelve specimens of flowers and foliage:—

1L 2L 3B 4H 5P 6E 7F
8L 9Y 10E 11L 12O 13R 14N
15I 16V 17B 18R 19I 20V 21K
22A 23L 24E 25T 26O 27N 28I
29C 30N 31A 32S 33U 34L 35P

[Image]

Move in any direction one square at a time, and so spell out their names, using the same square only once in each case.

[Solution]

19. A CHARADE

My first except when it is old
Is never seen or heard;
When it is heard the sound is tolled
Out of a Jewish beard.
My next was in Imperial Rome,
It was her power and might;
Then you had but to write you wish,
And straightway ’twas in sight.

My whole was Frank
Of royal rank.

[Solution]

No. XXXV.—ON A BLACKBOARD

To test the powers of his young pupils, Dr Puzzlewitz set the following little problem on his blackboard:—

A-B=4
A÷B=4

[Image]

What are the values of A and of B, when 4 is the result of dividing A by B, or of subtracting B from A?

[Solution]

20. RECAST

How great in olden days my power!
Oft have I saved a castle tower
From war’s invading tide.
Transpose me, and how great my fall!
I am then the smallest of the small,
That nothing can divide.

[Solution]

21. WORD-BUILDING

This compact Enigma take,
All apart its letters shake.
Let your 6, 3, 5 be high,
Like 5, 1, 2 do or die.
Who 4, 6, 5, 1 enjoys
More than 5, 6, 2 by boys?
While 5, 3, 2, 1 are mine,
May 4, 6, 3, 2 be thine.
4, 1, 5 is rich and rare,
6, 5, 1, 2 ends my prayer.

The figures indicate the position of the letters, which spell new words, in the original six-letter word.

[Solution]

No. XXXVI.—SQUARING A DIAMOND

Can you fill in the empty cells with letters, so that they form English words which read alike from top to bottom and from left to right?

s
s u s
s

[Image]

[Solution]