[ ALPHABETICAL INDEX
TO THE
FIGURES IN VOL. III.]

[Pg 1]

COLOURED
ENGRAVINGS
OF
HEATHS. [Pg 2]

Coloured Engravings
OF
HEATHS.

THE
DRAWINGS
TAKEN FROM
LIVING PLANTS ONLY.
WITH
THE APPROPRIATE SPECIFIC CHARACTER, FULL DESCRIPTION, NATIVE PLACE
OF GROWTH, AND TIME OF FLOWERING OF EACH;
In Latin and English.
EACH FIGURE ACCOMPANIED BY ACCURATE DISSECTIONS OF THE SEVERAL
PARTS (MAGNIFIED WHERE NECESSARY) UPON WHICH THE
SPECIFIC DISTINCTION HAS BEEN FOUNDED,
ACCORDING TO THE
LINNÆAN SYSTEM.
THE WHOLE EXECUTED
By H. C. ANDREWS,
BOTANICAL PAINTER, ENGRAVER, &c.
VOL. III.
LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, NO. 5, KNIGHTSBRIDGE.
Printed by R. Taylor and Co. 38, Shoe Lane.
1809
[Pg 3]

DISSERTATION concluded.

At the commencement of this Monograph the extent of this elegant tribe of plants appeared to be circumscribed within a small compass, and we calculated upon one volume enshrining the whole Genus. The termination of that volume left a residuum of sufficient magnitude to complete a second, at whose termination an ample fund for continuation was still apparent. A third is finished; and there yet remains enough to form a fourth, the conclusion of which will, we think, contain all that are as yet in cultivation with us, as the limits of this extensive family appear at present to be bounded within three hundred species and distinct varieties; and unless some new source should be found to extend it, by the discovery of some unexpected mine of novelty, it may be then considered as for a time completed; although, no doubt, from the beautiful variations occasionally raised from seed, there will be still further accessions of novelty to merit attention at some future period, by way of appendix.

When the author first began to delineate the Erica family in the year 1794, the greater part of the species then known had been so recently imported, that the seeds did not ripen with us. A period of fifteen years having since elapsed, many of them have become so far naturalized as to perfect their seed freely. The prevalent idea of their not ripening with us is owing to a want of sufficient attention to preserve them; for, as soon as the seeds are perfect, if not immediately collected, the capsule splits, and the seeds, which are extremely small, escape unperceived.

The fourth volume will contain, in addition to each figure, a short account of who first raised it, &c., and at the end of the volume (which the author trusts will be completed in much less time than the foregoing ones) all the seeds that can possibly be procured will be represented, both of the natural size and magnified, to render the work as complete as the progressive increase of the vegetable kingdom will possibly admit of.[Pg 4]

SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT
OF THE
LXXII ERICAS, OR HEATHS, CONTAINED IN
VOL. III.

Taken from the shape of the tips, and the number of leaves which surround the stem in one whorl.

[Pg 5]

ERICA acuminata.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis inclusis; corollis subcylindricis, purpureis; floribus umbellatis, subterminalibus; foliis quaternis, retortis, acuminatis, glabris.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, pedalis, ramosissimus; rami flexuosi, filiformes.

Folia quaterna, trigona, retorta, acuminata, lucida, supra plana, subtus sulcata; petiolis longis, adpressis.

Flores umbellati, sub-terminales; pedunculi breves, bracteis tribus subulatis instructi.

Calyx. Perianthium tetraphyllum; foliolis subulatis, carinatis, acuminatis.

Corolla sub-cylindrica, ore arctata, pollicaria, purpurea; laciniis ovatis, revolutis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo capillaria; antheræ muticæ, inclusæ.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum, superne villosum, ad basin glanduliferum. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Julii in Octobrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips within the blossom; which is nearly cylindrical, and purple; flowers grow in umbels, nearly terminal; leaves by fours, rolled back, sharp-pointed, and smooth.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, a foot high, very branching, branches flexuose, and thread-shaped.

Leaves by fours, three-sided, rolled back, sharp-pointed, and shining, flat on their upper surface, and furrowed beneath; footstalks long, and pressed to the branches.

Flowers grow in bunches, nearly terminal; footstalks short, and furnished with three awl-shaped floral leaves.

Empalement. Cup four-leaved; leaflets awl-shaped, keeled, and sharp-pointed.

Blossom nearly cylindrical, narrowed at the mouth, an inch long, and purple; the segments of the border are egg-shaped, and rolled back.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips beardless, and within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped, and furrowed, villose on the upper part, and glandular at the base. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from July till October.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 7]

ERICA Andromedæflora.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris cristatis, inclusis; floribus axillaribus, sub-terminalibus, declinatis; corollis ovatis, magnis, incarnatis; foliis ternatis, subulatis, acutis; caulis erectus; rami verticillati.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis erectus, gracilis: ramis superioribus brevibus: inferioribus longioribus, verticillatis.

Folia ternata, sub-trigona, subulata, arcuata, acuta, supra plana, subtus sulcata.

Flores axillares, sub-terminales; ramis superioribus brevissimis spicæ formam exhibentibus; ramis ad basin plantæ longis, verticillatis.

Calyx. Perianthium tetraphyllum; foliolis lato-ovatis, acutis, coloratis, magnis, adpressis.

Corolla ovata, basi inflata, magna, et incarnata; laciniis rectis, rotundatis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo, plana; antheræ cristatæ, inclusæ.

Pistillum. Germen conicum, sulcatum. Stylus filiformis, inclusus. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Martio in Junium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with crested tips within the blossom; flowers grow from the axillæ of the leaves, nearly terminal, and bending downwards; blossom egg-shaped, large and flesh-coloured; leaves by threes, awl-shaped, and pointed; stem upright; branches whorled.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem upright, slender: the upper branches short; those below are longer, and grow in whorls.

Leaves by threes, nearly three-sided, awl-shaped, bowed, and pointed, flat on their upper surface, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers grow from the insertion of the leaves, nearly terminal. The branches on the upper part are very short, and bear the appearance of a spike. The branches on the lower part of the plant are long, and whorled.

Empalement. Cup four-leaved; leaflets are broadly egg-shaped, pointed, coloured, large, and pressed to the blossom.

Blossom egg-shaped, swelled at the base, large, and flesh-coloured; the segments are straight out, and rounded.

Chives. Eight threads, flat; tips crested, and within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-bud conical, furrowed. Shaft thread-shaped, and within the blossom. Summit four-cornered.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from March till June.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 9]

ERICA aristata.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris basi bicornibus, inclusis; floribus umbellatis, sub-ampullaceis, lucidis, viscosis, striatis; foliis quaternis et quinis, retortis, lucidis, aristatis; caule humili.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, vix pedalis, ramosus; rami et ramuli flexuosi, filiformes.

Folia quaterna et quina, sub-trigona, revoluta, lucida, subtus sulcata.

Flores in ramis terminales fasciculati, plerumque quaterni; pedunculi longi, colorati, bracteis tribus lanceolatis instructi.

Calyx tetraphyllum; foliolis lanceolatis, viscosis, adpressis.

Corolla inflato-tubulosa, ore arctata, saturate purpurea, pollicaria, lucida, laciniis rotundatis, expansis, albicantibus.

Stamina. Filamenta octo capillaria; antheris inclusis, basi bicornibus.

Pistillum. Germen oblongum, sulcatum. Stylus exertus, albus. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Novembris in Januarium, iterumque ineunte æstate.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with tips two-horned at their base, within the blossoms; flowers grow in umbels, nearly flask-shaped, shining, clammy, and striped; leaves by fours and fives, rolled back, shining, and bearded; stem low.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, scarce a foot high, branching; the small and large branches are flexuose, and thread-shaped.

Leaves by fours and fives, nearly three-sided, rolled back, shining, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers terminate the branches in bunches, mostly in fours; footstalks long, coloured, and furnished with three lance-shaped floral leaves.

Empalement four-leaved; leaflets lance-shaped, viscous, and pressed to the blossom.

Blossom of an inflated tubular form, narrowed at the mouth, which is of a deep purple, an inch long, and shining; the segments of the border are rounded, spread, and white.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips within the blossom, and two-horned at their base.

Pointal. Seed-bud of an oblong form, and furrowed. Shaft without the blossom, and white. Summit four-cornered.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from November till January, and again early in summer.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 11\]

ERICA aspera.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, inclusis; corollis tubulato-ventricosis, setis densissime circumsessis, luteis; foliis quaternis, rigidis, aculeatis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis erectus, bipedalis. Rami pauci; ramuli numerosi, simplices.

Folia quaterna, lanceolata, aculeata, subtus sulco exarata, petiolis adpressis.

Flores in ramulis terminales, umbellati, terni vel seni, cernui; pedunculi brevissimi, bracteis tribus, hispidis, subulatis, adpressis.

Calyx tetraphyllum; foliolis hispidis, canaliculatis, lanceolatis.

Corolla tubulato-ventricosa, setis densissime circumsessa, pollicaria, ore obsolete quadrifida.

Stamina. Filamenta octo, capillaria; antheræ muticæ, inclusæ.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, villosum, albicans. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Octobris in Februarium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, within the blossoms, which are of an inflated tubular shape, closely beset with bristles, and of a yellow colour; leaves by fours, harsh, and prickly.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem upright, two feet high; branches few, the small branches are numerous and simple.

Leaves grow by fours, are lance-shaped, prickly, and deeply furrowed beneath, foot-stalks pressed to the stem.

Flowers terminate the small branches in umbels of from three to six, nodding; peduncles very short, furnished with three floral leaves, hispid, awl-shaped, and pressed to the cup.

Empalement four-leaved; the leaflets are hispid, channelled, and lance-shaped.

Blossom of an inflated tubular form, closely beset with bristles, an inch long; the mouth is slightly divided into four segments.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips beardless, and within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-vessel turban-shaped, hairy, and whitish. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from October till February.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 13\]

ERICA aurea, flore pallido.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, sub-inclusis; floribus verticillatis; corollis cylindraceis, luteis; foliis senis, linearibus; caule erecto, fruticoso.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, pedalis, sub-erectus: ramis patentibus.

Folia sena, linearia, patentia, apice incurvata: petiolis longis.

Flores horizontaliter verticillati, prope ramorum summitatem; pedunculis brevissimis.

Calyx. Perianthium tetraphyllum; foliolis lanceolatis, cum bracteis tribus adpressis.

Corolla cylindracea, luteolo-aurea, apice inflata; oris laciniis magnis, albicantibus, et patentibus.

Stamina. Filamenta octo capillaria: antheris muticis, sub-inclusis.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum, ad basin nectariferum. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Junii in Octobrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips just within the blossom; flowers grow in whorls; blossom cylindrical and yellow; leaves by sixes, and linear; stem upright and shrubby.

DESCRIPTIO.

Stem shrubby, a foot high, nearly upright; branches spreading.

Leaves by sixes, linear, spreading, and turning inwards at the points; footstalks long.

Flowers grow horizontally in whorls near the summits of the branches; footstalks very short.

Empalement. Cup four-leaved; leaflets lance-shaped, with three floral leaves pressed to them.

Blossom cylindrical, of a yellow gold colour, swelled at the end; segments of the border large, whitish and spreading.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips beardless, and just within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped, furrowed, with honey-cups at the base. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from June till October.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 15\]

ERICA australis.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris cristatis inclusis, corollis cylindraceo-urceolatis, pallide purpureis, fragrantibus; floribus terminalibus; foliis quaternis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis erectus, fruticosus, ramosus, bipedalis; rami et ramuli filiformes.

Folia quaterna, obtusa, curvata, subtus sulcata.

Flores terminales, in ramulis numerosis, quaterni, pedunculis brevibus.

Calyx. Perianthium duplex, exterius triphyllum; foliolis ovatis, ad interiores adpressis, imbricatis; interius tetraphyllum, foliolis majoribus, fimbriatis.

Corolla cylindraceo-urceolata, odorata, pallide-purpurea; laciniis revolutis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo capillaria; antheræ cristatæ, inclusæ.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, tenuissime lanâ tecta, ad basin nectariferum. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat in Lusitania.

Floret a mense Martio in Julium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with crested tips within the blossoms, which are of a cylindrical pitcher-shape, pale purple, and sweet-scented; flowers terminal; leaves by fours.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem upright, shrubby, and branching, two feet high; the larger and smaller branches are thread-shaped.

Leaves by fours, blunt-ended, curved, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers terminate the numerous small branches, by fours, with short footstalks.

Empalement. Cup double; the outer one is three-leaved; leaflets egg-shaped, pressed to the inner ones, and tiled; the inner is four-leaved, with larger leaflets, and fringed.

Blossom cylindrically pitcher-shaped, sweet-scented, and of a pale purple; segments of the border are rolled back.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips crested, and within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped, slightly covered with wool, with honey-cups at the base. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered.

Native of Portugal.

Flowers from the month of March till July.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 17\]

ERICA Banksia, purpurea.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, exsertis; filamenta plana, longissima, conniventia; corollis cylindricis, luteolo-albis; oris laciniis saturate purpureis. Caulis decumbens. Folia terna.

DESCRIPTIO.

Frutex pygmæus, sub-spithamæus, rigidus, ramosissimus.

Folia terna, sublata, trigona, mucronata; subtus sulcata; supra plana, glabra, profunde viridia.

Flores in ultimis ramulis, terni, cernui; pedunculis brevissimis.

Calyx. Perianthium duplex, exterius triphyllum; foliolis lanceolatis, rigidis; interius tetraphyllum, foliolis longioribus.

Corolla cylindrica, luteolo-alba; oris laciniis patentibus, saturate-purpureis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo plana, coalescentia, tubum formantia; antheræ muticæ, exsertæ, patentes.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum, concavum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Augusti in Octobrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, without the blossom; the threads are flat, very long, and closed together; blossom cylindrical, of a yellowish white; the segments of the mouth are of a deep purple. Stem drooping. Leaves by threes.

DESCRIPTION.

A dwarf shrub, scarce a foot high, harsh, and very much branched.

Leaves by threes, awl-shaped, three-sided, and mucronated; furrowed beneath, and smooth on the upper surface, flat, and of a deep green colour.

Flowers grow by threes at the ends of the small branches, hanging down, with very short foot-stalks.

Empalement. Cup double, the outer three-leaved; leaflets lance-shaped and harsh; the inner four-leaved, and longer than the outer.

Blossom cylindrical, of a yellowish white; the segments of the border spreading, and of a deep purple.

Chives. Eight threads flat and close together, forming a tube; tips beardless, without the blossom, and spreading.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered and hollow.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from August till October.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 19\]

ERICA blanda.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris exertis, basi bicornibus; floribus terminalibus, confertis, umbellatis; corollis sub-cylindricis, incarnatis; foliis senis, obtusis, confertis, curvatis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, spithamæus, teres; rami numerosi, recurvato-adscendentes.

Folia plerumque sena, linearia, obtusa, asperiuscula, basi recurvata, apice adscendentia, petiolis longis, adpressis.

Flores numerosi, terminales, umbellati, horizontaliter siti; pedunculi longi, colorati.

Calyx. Perianthium tetraphyllum; foliolis subulatis, carinatis, adpressis.

Corolla sub-cylindrica, incarnata, læviter tomentosa, laciniis æqualibus, erectis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo capillaria; antheræ exertæ, basi bicornes.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum. Stylus exertus. Stigma emarginatum, concavum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Aprilis in Septembrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with tips two-horned at their base, and without the blossom; flowers terminal in crowded bunches; blossom nearly cylindrical, and flesh-coloured; leaves by sixes, obtuse, crowded, and curved.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, a span high, round; branches numerous bending downwards, and ascending.

Leaves mostly by sixes, linear, obtuse, and roughish, bent downwards at the base, with ascending points; footstalks long, and pressed to the blossom.

Flowers numerous, in terminal bunches, in a horizontal direction; footstalks long, and coloured.

Empalement. Cup four-leaved; leaflets awl-shaped, keeled, and pressed to the blossom.

Blossom nearly cylindrical, flesh-coloured, slightly downy; the segments of the border are equal, and upright.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips without the blossom, and two-horned at their base.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped, furrowed. Shaft without. Summit bordered, and hollow.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from April till September.

REFERENCE.

[Pg 21\]

ERICA Blandfordia.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris aristatis, inclusis; floribus tubulosis, brevissimis, sessilibus, luteis, in ramulis terminalibus; foliis quaternis, linearibus, glabris; caulis fruticosus, gracilis, erectus.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis sesquipedalis, gracilis, fruticosus, erectus.

Folia quaterna, linearia, obtusa, glabra, supra plana, subtus sulcata.

Flores plures, sessiles, in ramulis terminales, plerumque bini, horizontaliter siti; ad apices ramorum flores conferti in ramulis brevissimis, spicam formantes.

Calyx. Perianthium tetraphyllum; foliolis lato-ovatis, apice virescentibus, infra pallidioribus; bracteis duabus adpressis.

Corolla urceolata, lutea, glabra, ore arctata: laciniis rotundatis, reflexis.

Stamina. Filamenta octo, capillaria; antheræ aristatæ, inclusæ.

Pistillum. Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum. Stylus filiformis. Stigma tetragonum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Martio in Junium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with bearded tips within the blossom; flowers are tubular, very short, sessile, of a yellow colour, and terminating the smaller branches; leaves by fours, linear, and smooth: stem shrubby, slender, and upright.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem a foot and a half high, slender, shrubby, and upright.

Leaves by fours, linear, obtuse, and smooth, flat on the upper surface, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers numerous, sessile, and terminating the smaller branches, mostly by twos, in a horizontal direction; near the end of the larger branches; the flowers are crowded together on very short branches, forming a spike.

Empalement. Cup four-leaved; leaflets are broadly egg-shaped, greenish at the point, and paler beneath: with two floral leaves pressed to them.

Blossom jar-shaped, yellow, smooth, and narrowed at the mouth; the segments are roundish, and reflexed.

Chives. Eight hair-like threads; tips bearded, and within the blossom.

Pointal. Seed-bud turban-shaped, and furrowed. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit four-cornered.