[ ALPHABETICAL INDEX
TO THE
FIGURES IN VOL. IV.]
[SYSTEMATICAL ARRANGEMENT
OF THE
LXXII ERICAS, OR HEATHS, CONTAINED IN
VOL. IV.]

[Pg 1]

COLOURED
ENGRAVINGS
OF
HEATHS.

[Pg 3]

[Pg 2]

Coloured Engravings
OF
HEATHS.

THE
DRAWINGS
TAKEN FROM
LIVING PLANTS ONLY.
WITH
THE APPROPRIATE SPECIFIC CHARACTER, FULL DESCRIPTION, NATIVE PLACE
OF GROWTH, AND TIME OF FLOWERING OF EACH;
In Latin and English.
EACH FIGURE ACCOMPANIED BY ACCURATE DISSECTIONS OF THE SEVERAL
PARTS (MAGNIFIED WHERE NECESSARY) UPON WHICH THE
SPECIFIC DISTINCTION HAS BEEN FOUNDED,
ACCORDING TO THE
LINNÆAN SYSTEM.
THE WHOLE EXECUTED
By H. C. ANDREWS,
BOTANICAL PAINTER, ENGRAVER, &c.
VOL. IV.
LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, NO. 5, KNIGHTSBRIDGE.
Printed by R. Taylor and Co. 38, Shoe Lane.
1805
[Pg 6] [Pg 5] [Pg 4]

ERICA Andromedæflora, alba.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris cristatis, inclusis: stylo sub-incluso: floribus axillaribus, declinatis: foliis ternatis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis humilis, fruticosus, robustus, pedalis: rami numerosi, conferti.

Folia ternata, subulata, incurvata, robusta: petiolis longis adpressis.

Flores axillares, sub-terminales, declinati, conferti: calyx magnus, lato-ovatus, albus: corolla ovata, crassa, alba: oris laciniis erectis.

Germen tiaræforme, villosum, ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Martii ad Junium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with crested tips, within the blossom: shaft just within: flowers axillary, and bending down: leaves by threes.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem low, shrubby, and strong, a foot high: branches numerous, and crowded together.

Leaves by threes, awl-shaped, incurved, and stout, with long footstalks pressed to the branches.

Flowers grow from the axillæ of the leaves, nearly terminal, hanging down, and crowded together: empalement large, broadly egg-shaped, and white: blossom ovate, thick, and white: segments of the border straight.

Seed-bud turban-shaped, villose, and furnished at the base with honey-bearing nectaries.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from March till June.

REFERENCE.

This white-flowered variety of the E. Andromedæflora, from its hardy, dwarf, and robust character, might almost be considered as a distinct species, did not the appearance and shape of the blossoms bear out the specific title too well to admit of any alteration. The flowers are slow in growth, and of a thickish and rather tough consistence. It is a hardy green-house shrub, and blossoms mostly during the spring season.[Pg 7]

[Pg 10]

[Pg 9]

[Pg 8]

ERICA argentiflora.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, inclusis: floribus horizontaliter verticillatis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, sesquipedalis, ramis simplicibus.

Folia sena, linearia, apice leviter incurvata, supra plana, subtus sulcata.

Flores horizontaliter verticillati prope ramorum summitatem: corolla clavata, uncialis, oris laciniis patentibus.

Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum, ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Junii ad Octobrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, within the blossom: flowers growing horizontally in whorls.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, upright, a foot and half high: branches simple.

Leaves by sixes, linear, slightly turned inward towards the end, flat on their upper surface, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers grow horizontally in whorls near the summit of the branches: blossom club-shaped, an inch long: segments of the border spreading.

Seed-bud turban-shaped, furrowed, and furnished at the base with honey-bearing nectaries.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from June till October.

REFERENCE.

The flowers of the Erica argentiflora are of a delicate transparent white, most difficult to imitate on a white ground. Our drawing was made from a plant in the summer of 1814 at the Hammersmith Nursery, where it flowered with abundance of light graceful blossoms, that continued successively from June till October. But the precise time of any of the Ericas flowering is quite indefinite. I have frequently seen many species in full bloom in one collection, and out of flower in others. Where they are indigenous, their periods of inflorescence are no doubt much more determinable than they can ever be in such a versatile clime as Britain, under different modes of culture.[Pg 11]

[Pg 14]

[Pg 13]

[Pg 12]

ERICA aristata, minor.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, inclusis: floribus quaternis, ampullaceis, viscosis: foliis ternis, confertis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis erectus, fruticosus, pedalis et ultra: ramulis plerumque ternis, verticillatis.

Folia ternata, sub-trigona, supra plana; subtus sulco-exarata; margine pilis longis obsita.

Flores quaterni, patentes: corolla basi inflata, apice attenuata, ima parte rubra, in media alba, summa saturate purpurea, glutinosissima et lucida: laciniis oris patentibus: calycis foliolis lanceolatis, barbatis, adpressis.

Germen columnæforme, sulcatum, ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Junii in Octobrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips within the blossom: flowers grow by fours, are flask-shaped, and viscous: leaves by threes, crowded together.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem upright, shrubby, a foot or more high: branches grow mostly by threes, in whorls.

Leaves by threes, nearly three-sided, flat on their upper surface, and deeply furrowed beneath; the margins are beset with long hairs.

Flowers grow by fours, spreading: the blossom is swelled at the base, and tapers to the point, red on the lower part, white in the centre, and of a deep purple towards the end, very glutinous, and shining: the segments of the border are spreading: the leaflets of the cup are lance-shaped, bearded, and pressed to the blossom.

Seed-bud pillar-shaped, furrowed, and furnished at the base with honey-bearing nectaries.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from June till October.

REFERENCE.

Amongst cultivators, this plant bears the specific titles of aristata minor, and tricolor; neither of them very appropriate, as it does not possess three distinct colours; nor can it with propriety be considered as a variety of the E. aristata: but as it is well known by that appellation, we have retained it. There are two variations of it at present in cultivation with us; a flower of each is given, with the dissections. The pale-flowered variety is from the conservatory of the Marquis of Blandford, and we have not as yet seen it in any other collection. It appears to be a plant of easy culture, and was raised from Cape seed about the year 1806.[Pg 15]

[Pg 18]

[Pg 17]

[Pg 16]

ERICA Bandonia.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica antheris muticis, inclusis: stylo exerto: floribus terminalibus: pedunculis longissimis: foliis ternis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis pedalis, fruticosus: rami et ramuli erecto-patentes.

Folia terna, trigona, subulata, recta; supra plana subtus carinato.

Flores terminales in umbellis, quinis vel decem, cum pedunculis longissimis rubris: corollis urceolatis: oris laciniis patentes equalis.

Germen tiaræforme, ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Julii in Septembrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath with beardless tips within the blossom: shaft without flowers, terminal: footstalks very long: leaves by threes.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem a foot high, shrubby; small and large branches between; erect and spreading.

Leaves by threes, three-sided, awl-shaped, and straight; flat on their upper surface, and keeled beneath.

Flowers terminate the branches in umbels of five to ten, with very long red footstalks: blossom pitcher-shaped: segments of the border spreading and equal.

Seed-bud turban shaped, with honey bearing nectaries at the base.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from July till September.

REFERENCE.

This Erica, named in honour of Lord Bandon, was raised from Cape seed at the Hammersmith Nursery. It is rather a dwarf, shrubby plant, with numerous flowers, the blossoms resemble the E. Ventricosa; the great length of the flower-stalks, are like the E. Irbyana, as is also the foliage, which likewise bear a similitude to the leaves of the E. taxifolia; but altogether it is perfectly distinct from any one hitherto delineated, and makes a brilliant appearance towards the autumn.[Pg 19]

[Pg 22]

[Pg 21]

[Pg 20]

ERICA Bauera.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica antheris aristatis, inclusis: floribus spicatis, axillaribus, dependentibus: foliis quaternis: caule erecto.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis erectus, flexuosus; ramis longis, cum ramulis binis vel ternis, verticillatis.

Folia quaterna, linearia, obtusa, glauca, plerumque patentia.

Flores in medio ramorum, spicati: corollis dependentibus, subpollicaribus, cylindraceis, curvatis, pellucide albidis: pedunculis longis, bracteis tribus instructis.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Augusti ad Novembrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with bearded tips within the blossom: flowers grow in spikes from the axillæ of the leaves, hanging down: leaves by fours: stem upright.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem upright and flexuose: the large branches are long, with smaller branches of two or three in whorls.

Leaves by fours, linear, obtuse, glaucous, and mostly spreading.

Flowers grow in spikes about the middle of the larger branches: blossoms hanging down, nearly an inch long, cylindrical, curved, of a transparent white: peduncles long, and furnished with three floral leaves.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from August till November.

REFERENCE.

We found this new species of Erica in bloom at the Hammersmith Nursery in the autumn of 1823, under the specific title of Bauera, in compliment to Mr. Bauer, Botanic Draftsman to the Royal Gardens at Kew. Throughout this extensive Genus of plants, we do not know any one it resembles at present: but in three or four years time the case may be different, Mr. Lee having a collector now in the interior of the Cape in search of novelties; and should his attempt in exploring that botanic mine prove successful, we may expect an importation of many distinct species and beautiful varieties.[Pg 23]

[Pg 26]

[Pg 25]

[Pg 24]

ERICA Beaumontia.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica muticis inclusis; floribus campanulatis; cernuis, foliis linearia glandulosa; caule fruticoso.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis sub pedalis, fruticosus, ramis et ramulis flexuosis.

Folia plerumque quaterna, linearia, patentia, obtusa, supra plana, subtus sulcata: marginibus glandulosus.

Flores in ultimis ramulis terminales ternis vel senis, pedunculi, rubri: corolla campanulata, cernui, magna alba: oris laciniis revolutis.

Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum: ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Maii in Julium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, within the blossom: flowers bell-shaped, nodding: leaves linear and glandular: stem shrubby.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem near a foot high, shrubby: the large and smaller branches flexuose.

Leaves mostly by fours, linear, spreading and obtuse, nearly flat on their upper surface, and furrowed beneath: with glandular margins.

Flowers terminate the ends of the smaller branches in threes or sixes, footstalk, red: blossom bell-shaped, nodding, large and white: segments of border rolled back.

Seed-bud turban-shaped and furrowed; furnished at the base with honey-bearing nectaries.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from the month of May till July.

REFERENCE.

This fine new species of Erica was raised from Cape seed last Autumn, 1827, and flowered the ensuing Summer for the first time at the Nursery of Messrs. Rollinson, Lower Tooting. We have named it after Mrs. Beaumont, of Bretton Hall, near Wakefield, Yorkshire, a great admirer of this fine genus of plants. The only heath throughout this extensive family, to which it bears any resemblance, is the E. odorata. It is a handsome dwarf shrub, flowering freely during the months of May and June.[Pg 27]

[Pg 30]

[Pg 29]

[Pg 28]

ERICA colorans.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, inclusis: floribus spicatis, confertis: foliis quaternis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, pedalis et ultra: ramuli numerosi, breves, tomentosi.

Folia quaterna, linearia, tomentosa, obtusa.

Flores fere ramos terminant, racemum longum densum formantes: corolla tubulato-campanulata, diaphana, imprimis alba, denique saturate rosacea.

Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum, ad basin nectariis melliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Martii in Augustum.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, within the blossom: flowers grow in crowded spikes: leaves by fours.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, upright, a foot or more high: the smaller branches are numerous, short, and downy.

Leaves by fours, linear, downy, and blunt-ended.

Flowers nearly terminate the branches, making a long close bunch: blossom tubularly bell-shaped, transparent, white at first, and then dying off of a deep rose colour.

Seed-bud turban-shaped, furrowed, and furnished at the base with honey-bearing nectaries.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from March till August.

REFERENCE.

This Erica may be considered as an elegant but distinct variety of the E. Linnæa. It is well known by the specific title of colorans, in reference to the rich red colour the flowers acquire as the blossoms decay, which gives a very singular motley appearance to the plant. It continues a long time in successive bloom; and requires a dry airy situation in the green-house, to protect its small crowded downy foliage from the atmospheric damps too prevalent in this climate.[Pg 31]

[Pg 34]

[Pg 33]

[Pg 32]

ERICA Comptoniana.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris aristatis minutis, inclusis, stylo sub-incluso: floribus in umbellis terminalibus: foliis ternis.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis fruticosus, pedalis et ultra: rami et ramuli filiformes, adscendentes.

Folia ternata, curvata, subulata, acuta.

Flores ramos terminant, plerumque in umbellis 3-6; calyx adpressus, pedunculis longis: corolla urceolata, erecto-patens, rubro-purpurea: oris laciniis æqualibus, patentibus.

Germen columnare, tenue, bicoloratum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Martii in Augustum.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with minutely bearded tips, within; shaft just within the blossom: flowers grow in terminal umbels: leaves by threes.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem shrubby, a foot or more high: the small and large branches are thread-shaped and ascending.

Leaves by threes, curved, awl-shaped, and sharp-pointed.

Flowers terminate the branches, mostly in umbels of 3 to 6: empalement pressed to the blossom: footstalks long: blossom pitcher-shaped, erect, and spreading, of a red purple colour: segments of the border equal and spreading.

Seed-bud pillar-shaped, slender, and two-coloured.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from the month of March till August.

REFERENCE.

This fine new species of Erica we have named in honour of the Countess of Northampton, a great admirer and encourager of botanic science. Our drawing was made from plants in the Hammersmith collection, raised from Cape seed about the year 1815. Like many other species, we have found it in bloom in every season of the year; but the most general period of inflorescence for the whole genus is from the middle of spring till the beginning of autumn.[Pg 35]

[Pg 38]

[Pg 37]

[Pg 36]

ERICA costata, superba.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica, antheris muticis, inclusis: stylo exerto: floribus terminalibus ternatis: caule erecto.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis bipedalis, fruticosus, erectus, ramosus: ramuli frequentissimi, longi.

Folia caulina terna, linearia obtusa, pubescentia: folia ramentacea erectiora, hirsuta.

Flores in ramulis terminalibus plerumque terni, subcernui: corolla cylindrico-clavata, pollicari, pallide carnea, costata: oris laciniis luteo-albentibus.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Maio ad Julium.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath, with beardless tips, within the blossom: shaft without: flowers terminate the branches by threes: stem upright.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem two feet high, shrubby, upright, and branching: small branches numerous and long.

Leaves on the stem by threes, linear obtuse, and downy: those on the smaller branches are more upright, and hirsute.

Flowers terminate the branches, mostly by threes, nearly drooping: blossom cylindrically club-shaped, an inch long, of a pale flesh colour, and ribbed: segments of the border of a whitish yellow.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from the month of May till July.

REFERENCE.

This delicate-flowered Heath was raised at the Hammersmith Nursery in the summer of 1820, under the specific title of E. costata, superba (said to be raised from the seed of the E. costata). There were two plants of it that flowered: one tall, the other short and bushy. We preferred the tall one, being the finest and most in flower, but have given a flower from the other plant, which differed a little in shape, and had also two blossoms on it, like the one represented, a kind of monstrosity that sometimes occurs. Upon dissecting the other, we found all the anthers surmounted by the appearance of an increasing petal, and they seemed to have been produced solely at the expense of their fertility, as the absence of the pollen was all the difference we could discern, neither the shape nor colour having suffered any alteration.

[Pg 39]

[Pg 42]

[Pg 41]

[Pg 40]

ERICA Coventrya.

CHARACTER SPECIFICUS.

Erica antheris muticis, inclusis: foliis quaternis, confertis: floribus sessilibus, fasciculatis terminalibus: frutex pygmæus.

DESCRIPTIO.

Caulis humilis, fruticosus: ramuli numerosi adapice ramis conferti.

Folia plerumque, quarterna, linearia, supra plana subtus sulcata.

Flores sessiles, fascisculatis terminales: corollis ventricosus, rubris, lacinis cordatis, expansio, albis, subtus læte rubris.

Germen tiaræforme, sulcatum, ad basin nectariis meliferis instructum.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

Floret a mense Julii in Septembrem.

REFERENTIA.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

Heath with beardless tips within the blossom: leaves by fours, crowded: flowers sessile, terminating the branches in bunches: a dwarf shrub.

DESCRIPTION.

Stem low, shrubby: smaller branches are numerous and crowded together at the end of the larger branches.

Leaves mostly grow by fours, linear, flat on their upper surface, and furrowed beneath.

Flowers sessile, in terminal bunches: blossom bellied and red, the segments of the border are heart-shaped, spreading, and white; of a bright red on the under side.

Seed-bud turban-shaped, furrowed, with honey bearing nectaries at the base.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

Flowers from July till September.

REFERENCE.

This Erica resembles the E. primuloides in its foliage, also in the shape and colour of the blossom, but differs greatly in the manner of its growth, as the flowers, in this plant, terminate the branches in complex umbells, more like the genus Daphne than Erica.

It is one of those fine seminal varieties raised from Cape seed at the Hammersmith Nursery, and received its specific title in honour of the Earl of Coventry.[Pg 43]

[Pg 46]

[Pg 45]

[Pg 44]

ERICA crassifolia.