[pg 1]

KONRAD WALLENROD.

An Historical Poem.

BY

ADAM MICKIEWICZ.

TRANSLATED FROM THE POLISH INTO ENGLISH VERSE

BY

MISS MAUDE ASHURST BIGGS.

“Dovete adunque sapere come sono due generazioni da combattere... bisogna essere volpe e leone.”

Macchiavelli, Il Principe.

LONDON:

TRÜBNER & CO., LUDGATE HILL.

1882.

[All rights reserved]


Contents

[pg ii]

Printed by BALLANTYNE, HANSON & Co.

Edinburgh and London


[pg iii]

AUTHOR'S PREFACE

The Lithuanian nation, formed out of the tribes of the Litwini, Prussians and Leti, not very numerous, settled in an inextensive country, not very fertile, long unknown to Europe, was called, about the thirteenth century, by the incursions of its neighbours, to a more active part. When the Prussians submitted to the swords of the Teutonic knights, the Lithuanians, issuing from their forests and marshes, annihilated with sword and fire the neighbouring empires, and soon became terrible in the north. History has not as yet satisfactorily explained by what means a nation so weak, and so long tributary to foreigners, was able all at once to oppose and threaten all its enemies—on one side, carrying on a constant and murderous war with the Teutonic Order; on the other, plundering Poland, exacting tribute from Great Novgorod, and pushing itself as far as the borders of the Wolga and the Crimean peninsula. The brightest period of Lithuanian [pg iv] history occurs in the time of Olgierd and Witold, whose rule extended from the Baltic to the Black Sea. But this monstrous empire, having sprung up too quickly, could not create in itself internal strength, to unite and invigorate its differing portions. The Lithuanian nationality, spread over too large a surface of territory, lost its proper character. The Litwini subjugated many Russian tribes, and entered into political relations with Poland. The Slavs, long since Christians, stood in a higher degree of civilisation, and although conquered, or threatened by Lithuania, gained by gradual influence a moral preponderance over their strong, but barbarous tyrants, and absorbed them, as the Chinese their Tartar invaders. The Jagellons, and their more powerful vassals, became Poles; many Lithuanian princes adopted the Russian religion, language, and nationality. By these means the Grand Duchy of Lithuania ceased to be Lithuanian; the nation proper found itself within its former boundaries, its speech ceased to be the language of the court and nobility, and was only preserved among the common people. Litwa presents the singular spectacle of a people which disappeared in the immensity of its conquests, as a brook sinks after an excessive overflow, and flows in a narrower bed than before.

The circumstances here mentioned are covered by some centuries. Both Lithuania, and her cruellest enemy, the Teutonic Order, have disappeared from the scene of political life; the relations between neighbouring nations are entirely changed; the interests and passions which kindled the wars of that time are now expired; even popular song has not preserved their memory. Litwa is now entirely in the past: her history presents from this circumstance a happy theme for poetry; so that a poet, in singing of the events of that time, objects only of historic interest, must occupy himself with searching into, and with artfully rendering the subject, without summoning to his aid the interests, passions, or fashions of his readers. For such subjects Schiller recommended poets to seek.

“Was unsterblich im Gesang will leben,

Muss im Leben untergehen.”


[pg vii]

TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE

The Teutonic Order, originally, like the Knights Hospitallers, established in the Holy Land about 1199, settled, after the cessation of the Crusades, in the country bordering upon the Baltic Sea, at the mouth of the Vistula, in the year 1225. The possession of the Baltic shores, and of such lands as the Order should conquer from the pagan Prussians and Litwini, was assured to them by Konrad, Duke of Masowsze, brother to Leszek the White of Poland. The fatal error thus committed, in abandoning a hold on the sea-coast, had afterwards a disastrous effect on the history of Poland. The Order speedily made themselves masters of the whole country of Prussia, and were engaged in ceaseless war with the pagans of Lithuania, under pretext of their conversion; more frequently, it is however to be feared, for purposes of raid and plunder. It is, in fact, upon record that a certain Lithuanian prince, who had [pg viii] offered to embrace Christianity for the purpose of recovering part of his territory conquered by the Order, upon finding that his conversion would produce no better disposition in them towards himself, declared his intention of abiding in paganism, with the remark that he saw it was no question of his faith, but of his possessions. The plundering expeditions of the Teutonic knights up country, in which many of the chivalry of all Europe frequently bore a part, were termed reyses. The English reader will remember how Chaucer’s knight had fought “aboven alle nations in Pruce.”

“In Lettow had he reysed and in Ruce.”

Henry IV. also, during his banishment, fought in the ranks of the Order.

After the conversion of Lithuania, and the union of that country with Poland, the Teutonic knights were frequently engaged in hostilities with both powers combined, sustaining in the year 1410 a terrible defeat at Tannenberg in E. Prussia, from the forces of Jagellon. In this battle it is worthy of note that the famous John Ziska was engaged. In 1466 Casimir Jagellon inflicted heavy losses on the Order. After its secularisation in 1521, when the Grand-Master Albert embraced the reformed [pg ix] faith, the domains of E. Prussia were held as a fief from Poland. In 1657 Prussia became an independent state under Frederick William, the great Elector. It is curious to observe how the name of Prussia, originally that of a conquered, non-Germanic people, has become in our time that of the first German power in the world.

The historical circumstances on which the poem of “Konrad Wallenrod” is founded are thus detailed at length by the author himself, in the following postscript to the work:—

“We have called our story historical, for the characters of the actors, and all the more important circumstances mentioned therein, are sketched according to history. The contemporary chronicles, in fragmentary and broken portions, must be filled out sometimes only by guesses and conjectures, in order to create some historic entirety from them. Although I have permitted myself conjectures in the history of Wallenrod, I hope to justify them by their likeness to truth. According to the chronicle, Konrad Wallenrod was not descended from the family of Wallenrod renowned in Germany, though he gave himself out as a member of it. He was said to have been born of some illicit connection. The royal chronicle says, ‘Er war ein Pfaffenkind.’ Concerning the character of this singular man, we [pg x] read many and contradictory traditions. The greater number of the chroniclers reproach him with pride, cruelty, drunkenness, severity towards his subordinates, little zeal for religion, and even with hatred for ecclesiastics. ‘Er war ein rechter Leuteschinder (library of Wallenrod). Nach Krieg, Zank, und Hader hat sein Herz immer gestanden; und ob er gleich ein Gott ergebener Mensch von wegen seines Ordens sein wollte, doch ist er allen frommen geistlichen Menschen Graüel gewesen. (David Lucas). Er regierte nicht lange, denn Gott plagte ihn inwendig mit dem laufenden Feuer.’ On the other hand, contemporary writers ascribe to him greatness of intellect, courage, nobility, and force of character; since without rare qualities he could not have maintained his empire amid universal hatred and the disasters which he brought upon the Order. Let us now consider the proceedings of Wallenrod. When he assumed the rule of the Order, the season appeared favourable for war with Lithuania, for Witold had promised himself to lead the Germans to Wilna, and liberally repay them for their assistance. Wallenrod, however, delayed to go to war; and, what was worse, offended Witold, and reposed such careless confidence in him, that this prince, having secretly become reconciled to Jagellon, not only departed from Prussia, but on [pg xi] the road, entering the German castles, burnt them as an enemy, and slaughtered the garrisons. In such an unimagined change of circumstances, it was needful to neglect the war, or undertake it with great prudence. The Grand-Master proclaimed a crusade, wasted the treasures of the Order in preparation—5,000,000 marks—a sum at that time immeasurable, and marched towards Lithuania. He could have captured Wilna, if he had not wasted time in banquets and waiting for auxiliaries. Autumn came; Wallenrod, leaving the camp without provisions, retired in the greatest disorder to Prussia. The chroniclers and later historians were not able to imagine the cause of this sudden departure, not finding in contemporary circumstances any cause therefor. Some have assigned the flight of Wallenrod to derangement of intellect. All the contradictions mentioned in the character and conduct of our hero may be reconciled with each other, if we suppose that he was a Lithuanian, and that he had entered the Order to take vengeance on it; especially since his rule gave the severest shock to the power of the Order. We suppose that Wallenrod was Walter Stadion (see note), shortening only by some years the time which passed between the departure of Walter from Lithuania, and the appearance of [pg xii] Konrad in Marienbourg. Wallenrod died suddenly in the year 1394; strange events were said to have accompanied his death. ‘Er starb,’ says the chronicle; ‘in Raserei ohne letzte Oehlung, ohne Priestersegen, kurz vor seinem Tode wütheten Stürme, Regensgüsse, Wasserfluthen; die Weichsel und die Nogat durchwühlten ihre Dämme; hingegen wühlten die gewässer sich eine neue Tiefe da, wo jetzt Pilau steht!’ Halban, or, as the chroniclers call him, Doctor Leander von Albanus, a monk, the solitary and inseparable companion of Wallenrod, though he assumed the appearance of piety, was according to the chroniclers a heretic, a pagan, and perhaps a wizard. Concerning Halban’s death, there are no certain accounts. Some write that he was drowned, others that he disappeared secretly, or was carried away by demons. I have drawn the chronicles chiefly from the works of Kotzebue, ‘Preussens Geschichte, Belege und Erläuterungen.’ Hartknoch, in calling Wallenrod ‘unsinnig,’ gives a very short account of him.”

As to the conditions under which the poem was written, it is perhaps needful to state that it was composed by Mickiewicz, during the term of his banishment into Russia, and was first published at St. Petersburg in the year 1828. In the character of [pg xiii] the hero of the story, and in various circumstances of the poem, it is impossible not to recognise the influence of Lord Byron’s poetry, which obtained so powerful an ascendency over the works and imaginations of the Continental romanticists, and had thus an influence over foreign literature not conceded in the poet’s own country. The Byronic character, however, presents a far nobler aspect in the hands of the present author than in those of its original creator; for, instead of being the outcome of a mere morbid self-concentration, and brooding over personal wrongs, it is the result of a noble indignation for the sufferings of others, and is conjoined with a high purpose for good, even though such good be worked out by means in themselves doubtful or questionable.

We cannot pass by the subject without saying a word as to the undercurrent of political meaning in “Konrad Wallenrod,” which fortunately escaped the rigid censorship of the Russian press. Lithuania, conquered and oppressed by the Teutonic Order, is Poland, subjugated by Russia; and the numerous expressions of hatred for oppressors and love of an unhappy country woven into the substance of the narrative must be read as the utterances of a Pole against Russian tyranny. The underhand machinations of the concealed enemy [pg xiv] against the state in which he is a powerful leader, may be held to figure that intricate web of intrigue and conspiracy which Russian liberalism is gradually weaving throughout the whole political system, and which is daily gaining influence and power. The character of Wallenrod is essentially the same as that of Cooper’s “Spy;” but we cannot suppose that the author intended to hold up trickery and deceit as praiseworthy and honourable, even though it is the sad necessity of slaves to use treachery as their only weapon; or that the Macchiavellian precept with which the story is headed is at all intended as one to be generally followed by seekers of political liberty against despotism. The end and aim of this, as of all the works of Mickiewicz, is to show us a great and noble soul, noble in spite of many errors and vices, striving to work out a high ideal, and the fulfilment of a noble purpose; and to exhibit the heroism of renunciation of personal ease and enjoyment for the sake of the world’s or a nation’s good.

In regard to the method used in the English version, it is only necessary to add that as far as possible verbal accuracy in rendering has been endeavoured after; and an attempt, at least conscientious—whether or not partially successful must be left to the sentence of those qualified to [pg xv] form an opinion—has been made to reproduce as nearly as may be something of the original spirit In translating the main body of the narrative blank verse has been the medium employed, not as at all representing the beautiful and harmonious interchange of rhymes and play of rhythm so conspicuous in the Polish lines; but as securing, by reason of freedom from the necessity for rhymes, a truer verbal rendering, and as being the measure par excellence best suited to English narrative verse. The “Wajdelote’s Tale” has for similar reasons been rendered into the same form, instead of being reproduced in the original hexameter stanza, as strange to the Polish as to the English tongue, wherein, despite the works of Longfellow and Clough, it can hardly be said to have yet become thoroughly naturalised. Most of the lyrics are translated into the same metres as the originals, with the sole exception of the ballad of Alpujara. This, as being upon a Spanish or Moorish subject, it was judged best to render into a form nearly resembling that of the ancient Spanish ballad, and employed by Bishop Percy in translation of the “Rio Verde,” and other poems from a like source. Moreover, the original “Alpujara” is couched in a metre which, though extremely well suited to the Polish tongue, is difficult [pg xvi] of imitation in English; or only to be imitated by great loss of accuracy in rendering.

In concluding, the translator begs to express a hope that this humble effort to present, however feebly, to the reading public of Great Britain an image of the work of the greatest of Polish poets, may, not be wholly unacceptable. Any defects which the critical eye may note, must undoubtedly be laid rather to the charge of the copyist, than to the original of the great master. I dare, however, to trust, that the shadow of so great a name, and the sincere wish to contribute this slender homage to the memory of one of Europe’s most illustrious writers, may serve as an excuse for over-presumption.

London, March 1882.


[pg 1]

KONRAD WALLENROD

AN HISTORICAL TALE.

(FROM THE ANNALS OF LITHUANIA AND PRUSSIA.)

Macchiavelli, Il Principe.

Introduction.

A hundred years have passed since first the Order

Waded in blood of Northern heathenesse;

The Prussian now had bent his neck to chains,

Or, yielding up his heritage, removed

With life alone. The German followed after,

Tracking the fugitive; he captive made

And murdered unto Litwa’s farthest bound.

Niemen divideth Litwa from the foe;

On one side gleam the sanctuary fanes,

And forests murmur, dwellings of the gods.

Upon the other shore the German ensign,

The cross, implanted on a hill, doth veil

Its forehead in the clouds, and stretches forth

Its threatening arms towards Litwa, as it would

Gather all lands of Palemon together,

Embrace them all, assembled ’neath its rule.

This side, the multitude of Litwa’s youth,

With kolpak of the lynx-hide and in skins

Clad of the bear, the bow upon their shoulders,

Their hands all filled with darts, they prowl around,

Tracking the German wiles. On the other side,

In mail and helmet armed, the German sits

Upon his charger motionless; while fixed

His eyes upon the entrenchments of the foe,

He loads his arquebuse and counts his beads.

And these and those alike the passage guard.

The Niemen thus, of hospitable fame,

In ancient days, uniting heritage

Of brother nations, now for them becomes

The threshold of eternity, and none,

But by foregoing liberty or life,

Cross the forbidden waters. Only now

A trailer of the Lithuanian hop,

Drawn by allurement of the Prussian poplar,

Stretches its fearless arms, as formerly,

Leaping the river, with luxuriant wreaths,

Twines with its loved one on a foreign shore.

The nightingales from Kowno’s groves of oak

Still with their brethren of Zapuszczan mount,

Converse, as once, in Lithuanian speech.

Or having on free pinions ’scaped, they fly,

As guests familiar, on the neutral isles.

And mankind?—War has severed human kind!

The ancient love of nations has departed

Into oblivion. Love by time alone

Uniteth human hearts.—Two hearts I knew.

O Niemen! soon upon thy fords shall rush

Hosts bearing death and burning, and thy shores,

Sacred till now, the axe shall render bare

Of all their garlands; soon the cannon’s roar

Shall from the gardens fright the nightingales.

Where nature with a golden chain hath bound,

The hatred of the nations shall divide;

It severs all things. But the hearts of lovers

Shall in the Wajdelote’s song unite once more.


[pg 4]

The Election.

In towers of Marienbourg[1] the bells are ringing,

The cannon thunder loud, the drums are beating.

This in the Order is a solemn day.

The Komturs hasten to the capital,

Where, gathered in the chapter’s conclave, they,

The Holy Spirit invoked, take counsel who

Is worthiest to bear the mighty sword,—

Into whose hands may they confide the sword?

One day, and yet another flowed away

In council; many heroes there contend.

And all alike of noble race, and all

Alike deserving in the Order’s cause.

But hitherto the brethren’s general voice

Placed Wallenrod the highest over all

A stranger he, in Prussia all unknown,

But foreign houses of his fame were full[2]

Following the Moors upon Castilian sierras,

The Ottoman through ocean’s troubled waves,

In battle at the front, first on the wall,

To grapple vessels of the infidel

The first; and in the tourney, soon as he

Entered the lists and deigned his visor raise,

None dared with him the strife of keen-edged swords,[3]

By one accord the victor’s garland yielding.

But not alone amid Crusading hosts

He with the sword had glorified his youth;

For many Christian graces him adorn,

Poverty, humbleness, of earth disdain.

But Konrad shone not in the courtly crowd

By polished speech, by well-turned reverence;

Nor e’er his sword for vile advantage sold

To service of disputing barons. He

Had consecrated to the cloister walls

His youthful years; all plaudits he disdained,

And ruler’s place, even higher, sweeter meeds.

Nor minstrel’s hymn, nor beauty’s fair regard

Could speak to his cold spirit. Wallenrod

Listens unmoved to praise, and looks afar

On lovely cheeks, enchanting discourse flies.

Had Nature made him thus unfeeling, proud?

Or age? For albeit young in years, his locks

Were grey already, withered were his looks,

And sufferings sealed by age.—Twere hard to guess.

He would at times divide the sports of youth,

Or listen, pleased, to sound of female tongues,

To courtiers’ jests reply with other jests;

Or scatter unto ladies courteous words

With chilly smile, as dainties cast to children—

These were rare moments of forgetfulness;—

And speedily some light, unmeaning word,

That had no sense for others, woke in him

Passionate stirrings. These words: Fatherland,

Duty, Beloved,—the mention of Crusades,

And Litwa, all the mirth of Wallenrod

Instantly poisoned. Hearing them, again

He turned away his countenance, again

Became to all around insensible,

And buried him in thoughts mysterious.

Maybe, remembering his holy call,

He would forbid himself the sweets of earth;

The sweets of friendship only did he know,

One only friend had chosen to himself,

A saint by virtue and by holy state.

This was a hoary monk; men called him Halban.

He shared the loneliness of Wallenrod;

He was alike confessor of his soul,

And of his heart the trusted confidant

O blessed friendship! saint is he on earth,

Whom friendship with the holy ones unites.

Thus do the leaders of the Order’s council

Discourse of Konrad’s virtues. But one fault

Was his,—for who may spotless be from faults?

Konrad loved not the riots of the world,

Nor mingled Konrad in the drunken feast.

Though truly, in his secret chamber locked,

When weariness or sorrow tortured him,

He sought for solace in a burning draught;

And then he seemed a new form to indue,

And then his visage pallid and severe

A sickly red adorned, and his large eyes,

Erst heavenly blue, but somewhat now by time

Dulled and extinguished, shot the lightnings forth

Of ancient fires, while sighs of grief escape

From forth his breast, and with the pearly tear

The laden eyelid swells; the hand the lute

Seeks, the lips pour forth songs; the songs are sung

In speech of a strange land, but yet the hearts

Of the hearers understand them. ’Tis enough

To list that grave-like music, ’tis enough

The singer’s form to contemplate, to see

Memory’s inspiration on that face,

To view the lifted brows and sideward looks,

Striving to snatch some object from deep darkness.

What may the hidden thread be of the songs?

He tracketh surely, in this wandering chase,

In thought his youth through deep gulfs of the past.

Where is his soul?—In the land of memories!

But never did that hand in music’s impulse

Mere joyful tones from out the lute evoke;

And still it seemed his countenance did fear

Innocent smiles, even as deadly sins.

All strings he strikes in turn, one string except—

Except the string of mirth;—the hearer shares

All feelings with him,—one excepted—hope!

Not seldom him the brethren have surprised,

And marvelled at his unaccustomed change.

Konrad, aroused, did writhe himself and rage,

Had cast away the lute and ceased to sing.

He spoke out loudly impious words; to Halban

Whispered some secret things; called to the host,

Gave forth commands, and uttered dreadful threats,

On whom they knew not. All their hearts were troubled.

Old Halban tranquil sits, and on the face

Of Konrad drowns his glance,—a piercing glance,

Cold and severe, full of some secret speech.

Something he may recall, some counsel give,

Or waken grief in heart of Wallenrod,

Whose cloudy brow at once is calm again,

His eyes forego their fires, his rage is cool.

Thus when, in public sport, the lionward,

Before assembled lords, and dames, and knights,

Unbars the grating of the iron cage.

The trumpet signal given, the royal beast

Growls from his deep breast, horror falls on all.

Alone his keeper moveth not a step,

Folds tranquilly upon his breast his hands,

And smites with power the lion,—by the eye.

With talisman of an undying soul

Unreasoning strength in bonds he doth control.

[pg 10]

II.

In towers of Marienbourg the bells are ringing;

Now from the hall of council to the chapel

Comes the chief Komtur, then the chiefest rulers,

The chaplain, brothers, and assembled knights.

The chapter listen vesper orisons,

And sing a hymn unto the Holy Spirit

Hymn.

Spirit! Thou Holy One,

Thou Dove of Sion’s Hill!

This Christian world, the footstool of Thy throne,

With glory visible

Lighten, that all behold.

Thy wings o’er Sion’s brotherhood unfold,

And let Thy glory shine from underneath

Thy wings, with sunlike rays.

And him, the worthiest of so holy praise,

Circle his temples with Thy golden wreath.

Fall on the visage of that son of man,

Whom shadows o’er Thy wings’ protecting van.

Thou Saviour Son!

With beckoning of Thy hand almighty, deign

To point of many one,

Worthiest to hold,

And wear the sacred symbol of Thy pain.

To lead with Peter’s sword thy soldiery,

Before the eyes of heathenesse unfold

The standards of Thy heavenly empery.

Then let the sons of earth bow lowly down,

Him on whose breast the cross shall gleam to own.

Prayers o’er, they parted. The Archkomtur[4] ordered

After repose, to seek the choir again;

Again entreat that Heaven would enlighten

Chaplains and brethren, called to such election.

So went they forth themselves to recreate

With the cool freshness of the night; and some

Sat in the castle porch, and others walk

Through gardens and through groves. The night was still;

It was the fair May season; from afar

Peeped forth the pale uncertain dawn; the moon,

Having the sapphire plains o’ercoursed, with aspect

Changing, with varying lustre in her eye,

Now in a shadowy, now a silvery cloud

Slumbering, now sank her still and tranquil head,

Like to a lover in the wilderness;

Dreaming in thought, life’s circle he o’erruns,

All hopes, all sweetness, and all sufferings.

Now sheds he tears, now joyful is his glance.

At length upon his breast the weary brow

Sinketh, and falls in sense’s lethargy.

By walking other knights beguile the time,

But the Archkomtur wastes no time in vain.

He quickly summons Halban and the chiefs

Unto himself, and leads them to one side;

That, from the curious crowd afar removed,

They may pursue their counsels and impart

Forewarnings; from the castle go they forth.

They hasten to the plain. Conversing thus,

All heedless of their path, some hours astray

They wandered in the region close beside

The inlets of a tranquil lake. ’Tis morn!

This hour they should regain the capital.

They stop,—a voice,—whence? From the corner tower!

They listen,—’tis the voice of the recluse!

Long time within this tower, ten summers since,

Some unknown pious woman, from afar,[5]

Who came to Mary’s town,—Maybe that Heaven

Inspired her blest design, or with the balm

Of penance she would heal the wounds of conscience,—

Did seek the shelter of a lone recluse,

And here she found while living yet a tomb.

Long time the chaplains would not give consent.

Then, wearied by the constancy of prayers,

They gave her in this tower a shelter lone.

Scarcely the sacred threshold had she crossed,

When o’er the threshold bricks and stones were piled;

The angels only, in the judgment-day

Shall ope the door which parts her from the living.

Above a little window and a grate,

Whereby the pious folk send nourishment,

And Heaven sends breezes and the rays of day.

Poor sinner! was it hatred of the world

Abused thy young heart to so great extreme

That thou dost fear the sun. and heaven’s fair face?

Scarcely imprisoned in her living grave,

None saw her, through the window of the tower,

Receive upon her lips the wind’s fresh breath,

Nor look upon the heaven in sunshine beauty,

Or the sweet flowerets on the plain of earth,

Or, dearer hundred-fold, her fellow-men.

’Tis only known that still she is in life;

For when betimes a holy pilgrim wanders

Near her retreat by night, a sweet, low sound

Holds him awhile. Certain it is the sound

Of pious hymns. And when the village children

Together in the oak-grove sport at eve,

Then from the window shines a streak of white,

As ’twere a sunbeam from the rising dawn.

Is it an amber ringlet of her hair,

Or lustre of her slender, snowy hand

Blessing those innocent heads? The chivalry

Hear as they pass the corner tower these words:

“Thou art Konrad! Heaven! Fate is now fulfilled!

Thou shalt be Master, that thou mayest destroy them!

Will they not recognise?—Thou hid’st in vain.

Though like the serpent’s were thy body changed,

Yet of the past would in thy soul remain

Many things still,—truly they cleave to me.

Though after burial thou shouldst return,

Then, even then, would the Crusaders know thee!”

The knights attend,—’tis the recluse’s voice;

They look upon the grate; she bending seems,

Towards the earth she seems her arms to stretch.

To whom? The region is all desert round;

Only from far strikes an uncertain gleam,

In likeness of a steely helmet’s flame,

A shadow on the earth, a knightly cloak;—

Already it has vanished. Certainly

’Twas an illusion of the eyes, most certain

It was the rosy glance of morn that gleamed.

For morning’s clouds now rolled away from earth.

“Brothers!” spoke Halban, “give we thanks to Heaven,

For certain Heaven’s decree hath led us here;

Trust we to the recluse’s prophet voice.

Heard ye? She made a prophecy of Konrad,—

Konrad, the name of valiant Wallenrod!

Let brother unto brother give the hand,

And knightly word, and in to-morrow’s council

Our Master he!”[6]—“Agreed,” they cried, “agreed!”

And shouting went they. Far along the vale

Resounds the voice of triumph and of joy;

“Long Konrad live! long the Grand-Master live!

Long live the Order! perish heathenesse!”

Halban remained behind, in deep thought plunged;

He on the shouters cast an eye of scorn

He looked towards the tower, and in low tones,

This song he sang, departing from the place:—

Song.

Wilija, thou parent of streams in our land,

Heaven-blue is thy visage and golden thy sand;

But, lovely Litwinka,[1] who drinkest its wave,

Far purer thy heart, and thy beauty more brave.

Wilija, thou flowest through Kowno’s fair vale,

Amid the gay tulips and narcissus pale.

At the feet of the maiden, the flower of our youth,

Than roses, than tulips, far fairer in sooth.

The Wilija despiseth the valley of flowers,

She seeks to the Niemen, her lover, to rove;

The Litwinka listens no love-tale of ours,

The youth of the strangers has filled her with love.

In powerful embrace doth the Niemen enfold,

And beareth o’er rocks and o’er wild deserts lone;

He presses his love to his bosom so cold,

They perish together in sea-depths unknown.

Thee too, poor Litwinka, the stranger shall call

Away from the joys of that sweet native vale;

Thou deep in Forgetfulness’ billows must fall,

But sadder thy fate, for alone thou must fail.

For streamlet and heart by no warning are crost,

The maiden will love and the Wilija will run;

And in her loved Niemen the Wilija is lost,

In the dark prison-tower weeps the maiden undone.

[pg 18]

III.

When the Grand-Master had the sacred books

Kissed of the holy laws, and from the Komtur

Received the sword and grand cross, ensigns high

Of power, he raised his haughty brow. Although

A cloud of care weighed on him, with his eye

He scattered fire around him. In his glance

Burns exultation, half with anger mixed,—

And, guest invisible, upon his face

Hovered a faint and transitory smile,

Like lightning which divides the morning cloud,

Boding at once the sunrise and the thunder.

The Master’s zeal, his threatening countenance,

All hearts with hope and newer courage fills;

Battle before them they behold and plunder,

And pour in thought great floods of pagan blood.

Who shall against such ruler dare to stand?

Who will not fear his sabre or his glance?

Tremble, Litwini! for the time is near,

From Wilna’s ramparts when the cross shall shine.

Vain are their hopes, for days and weeks flew by;

In peace a whole long year has flowed away,

And Litwa threatens. Wallenrod, ignobly

Himself nor combats, nor goes out to war;

And when he rouses and begins to act,

Reverses the old ruling suddenly.

He cries, “The Order has o’erstepped its laws,

The brethren violate their plighted vows.

Let us engage in prayer, renounce our treasures,

And seek in virtue and in peace renown.”

To penance he compels them, fasts, and burdens;

Denies all pleasures, comforts innocent;

Each venial sin doth cruelly chastise

With dungeons underground, exile, the sword.

Meanwhile the Litwin, who long years afar

Had shunned the portals of the Order’s town,

Now burns the villages around each night,

And captive their defenceless people takes.

Beneath the very castle proudly boasts,

He in the Master’s chapel goes to mass.

And children trembled on their parents’ threshold,

To hear the roar of Samogitia’s horn.

What time were better to begin a war

While Litwa by internal strife is torn?

Here the bold Rusin,[2] here the unquiet Lach,[3]

The Crimean Khans lead on a mighty host;

And Witold, by Jagellon dispossessed,

Has come to seek protection of the Order;

In recompense doth promise gold and land,

But hitherto for help he waits in vain.

The brothers murmur, council now assembles,

The Master is not seen. Old Halban hastes,

But in the castle, in the chapel finds

Not Konrad. Whither is he? At the tower!

The brotherhood have tracked his steps by night.

’Tis known to all; for at the evening hour,

When all the earth is veiled with thickest mists,

He sallies forth to wander by the lake.

Or on his knees, supported by the wall,

Draped in his mantle, till the white dawn gleams,

He lieth, moveless as a marble form,

And unsubdued by sleep the whole night long.

Oft at the soft voice of the fair recluse

He rises, and returns her low replies.

No ear their import can discern afar;

But from the lustre of the shaking helm,

View of the lifted head, unquiet hands,

’Tis seen some discourse pends of weighty things.

Song from the Tower.

Ah! who shall number all my tears and sighs?

Have I so long wept through these weary years?

Was such great bitterness in heart and eyes,

That all this grate is rusty with my tears?

Where falls the tear it penetrates the stone,

As in a good man’s heart ’twere sinking down.

A fire eternal burns in Swentorog’s halls;[7]

Its pious priests for ever feed the fire:

From Mendog’s hill a fount eternal falls;

The snows and storm-clouds swell it ever higher.

None feed the torrent of my sighs and tears,

Yet pain for ever heart and eyeballs sears.

A father’s care, a mother’s tender love,

And a rich castle and a joyous land,

Days without longing, nights no dream might move

Peace like a tranquil angel aye did stand

Near me, abroad, at home, by day and night,

Guarding me close, though viewless to the sight.

Three lovely daughters from one mother born,

And I the first demanded as a bride;

Happy in youth, happy in joys to be,

Who told me there were other joys beside?

O lovely youth! why didst thou tell me more

Than e’er in Litwa any knew before?

Of the great God, of angels bright as day,

Of stone-built cities where religion rests,

Where in rich churches all the people pray,

Where princely lords obey their maidens’ hests;

Like to our warriors great in warlike pains,

Tender in love as are our shepherd swains.

Where man, from covering of clay set free,

A winged soul, flies through a joyful heaven.

I could believe it, for in listening thee

I had a foretaste of those wonders even.

Ah! since that time, in good and evil plight,

I dream of thee and those fair heavens bright.

The cross upon thy breast rejoiced mine eyes;

The sign of future bliss therein I read.

Alas! when from the cross the thunder flies,

All things around are silenced, perished.

Nought I regret, though bitter tears I pour;

Thou tookest all from me, but hope leftst o’er.

“Hope!” the low echoes from the shore replied,

The valleys and the forest Konrad woke,

And laughing wildly, answered, “Where am I?

To hear in this place—hope? Wherefore this song?

I do recall thy vanished happiness.

Three lovely daughters from one mother born,

And thou the first demanded as a bride.

Woe unto you, fair flowers! woe to you!

A fearful viper crept into the garden,

And where the reptile’s livid breast has touched

The grass is withered and the roses fade,

And yellow as the reptile’s bosom grow.

Fly from the present in thought; recall the days

Which thou hadst spent in joyousness without—

Thou’rt silent! Raise thy voice again and curse;

Let not the dreadful tear which pierces stones

Perish in vain. My helmet I’ll remove.

Here let it fall; I am prepared to suffer;

Would learn betimes what waiteth me in hell.

Voice from the Tower.

Pardon, my loved one, pardon! I am guilty!

Late was thy coming, weary ’twas to wait,

And thus, despite myself, some childish song—

Away with it! What have I to regret?

With thee, my love, with thee a passing space

We lived through; but the memory of that time

I would not change with all earth’s habitants,

For tranquil life passed through in weariness.

Thyself didst say to me that common men

Are as those shells deep hidden in the marsh;

Scarce once a year by some tempestuous wave

Cast up, they peep from out the troubled water,

Open their lips, and sigh forth once towards heaven,

And to their burial once more return.

No! I am not created for such bliss.

While yet within my Fatherland I dwelt

A still life, sometimes in my comrades’ midst

A longing seized me, and I sighed in secret,

And felt unquiet throbbings in my heart;

And sometimes fled I from the lower plain,

And standing on the higher hill, I thought,

If but the larks would give me from their wings

One feather only, I would fly with them,

And only from this mountain wish to pluck

One little flower, the flower forget-me-not,

And then afar beyond the clouds to fly

Higher and higher, and to disappear!

And thou didst hear me! Thou, with eagle pinions,

Monarch of birds, didst raise me to thyself.

O now, ye larks, I beg for nought from you,

For whither should she fly, what pleasures seek,

Who has the great God learned to know in heaven,

And loved a great man on this lower world?

Konrad.

Greatness, and greatness yet again, mine angel!

Greatness for which we groan in misery!

A few days still,—let it torment the heart,—

A few days only, fewer already are.

’Tis done! ’Tis vain to grieve for vanished time.

Aye! let us weep, but let our proud foes tremble!

For Konrad wept, but ’twas to murder them!

But wherefore cam’st thou here—wherefore, my love?

Unto God’s service did I vow myself.

Was it not better in His holy walls,

Afar from me to live and die than here,

In the land of lying and of murderous war,

In this tower-grave by long and painful tortures

To expire, and open solitary eyes,

And through the unbroken fetters of this grate

Implore for help, and I be forced to hear,

To look upon the torture of long death,

Standing afar, and curse my very soul,

That harbours relics yet of tenderness?

Voice from the Tower.

If thou lamentest, hither come no more!

Though thou shouldst come, with burning zeal implore,

Thou shouldst hear nought. My window now I close,

Descend once more into my prison darkness.

Let me in silence drink my bitter tears.

Farewell for aye, farewell, my only one!

And let the memory perish of this hour,

Wherein thou didst no pity for me show.

Konrad.

Then thou have pity! for thou art an angel!

Stay! But if prayer is powerless to restrain,

On the tower’s angle will I strike my head;

I will implore thee by the death of Cain.

Voice from the Tower.

O let us both have pity on ourselves!

My love, remember, great as is this world,

Two of us only on this mighty earth,

Upon the seas of sand two drops of dew.

Scarce breathes a little wind, from the earthly vale

For aye we vanish—ah! together perish!

I came not here for this, to torture thee.

I would not on me take the holy vows,

Because I dared not pledge my heart to Heaven,

While yet in it an earthly lover reigned.

I in the cloister would remain, and humbly

Devote my days to service of the nuns.

But there without thee, everything around

Was all so new, so wild, so strange to me!

Remembering then that after many years,

Thou shouldst return again to Mary’s town

To seek for vengeance on the enemy,

The cause defending of a hapless folk,

I said unto myself, “Who waits long years

Shortens with thoughts; maybe he now returns,

Maybe is come. Is it not free to ask,

Though living I immure me in the grave,

That once more I may look upon thy face,

That I at least may perish near to thee?

And therefore to the hermit’s narrow house

Upon the road, upon the broken rock,

I will betake me, and enclose myself.

Some knight maybe, in passing by my hut,

May speak aloud by chance my loved one’s name;

Among the foreign helmets I may view

His crest; though changed the fashion of his arms,

Although a strange device adorn his shield,

Although his face be changed, even then my heart

Will recognise my lover from afar.

And when a heavy duty him compels

To shed the blood of all and to destroy,

And all shall curse him, one heart yet alone

Shall dare afar to bless him.” Here I chose

My habitation and my grave apart,

In silence, where the sacrilege of groans

The traveller dare not listen. Thou, I know,

Lovest to walk alone. Within myself

I thought, “Maybe at even he will come,

Having his comrades left behind, to hold

Converse with winds and billows of the lake;

And he will think of me and hear my voice.”

And Heaven did fulfil my innocent wish.

Thou earnest; thou didst understand my song.

I prayed in former times that dreams might bless

Me with thine image, though the form were mute:

To-day, what happiness! To-day, together,—

Together we may weep!

Konrad.

And wherefore weep?

I wept, thou dost remember, when I tore

Myself for ever from thy dear embrace,

And of my free will died from happiness,

That thus I might designs of blood fulfil.

That too long martyrdom at length is crowned.

Now stand I at the summit of desires;

I can revenge me on the enemy.

And thou hast come to tear my victory from me!

Till now, when from the window of thy turret

Thou didst look on me, in the world’s whole circle

Again there seemed no thing to meet my eye,

But the lake only, and the tower and grate.

Around me all with tumult seethes of war.

’Mid trumpet clamour, ’mid the clash of arms,

I seek impatient with a straining ear,

For the angelic sound of thy sweet lips,

And all the day for me is waiting hope.

And when the evening season I have reached,

I wish to lengthen it by memories:

I reckon by its evenings all my life.

Meanwhile the Order murmurs at repose,

Entreat for war, demand their own perdition;

And vengeful Halban will not let me breathe,

But still recalls to me those ancient vows,

The slaughtered hamlets, and the lands destroyed;

Or if I will not listen his reproaches,

He with one sigh, one glance, one beckoning,

Can blow my smouldering vengeance to a flame.

Now seems my destiny to near its end;

Nought the Crusaders can withhold from war.

A messenger from Rome came yesterday.

From the world’s every quarter, clouds unnumbered

A pious zeal hath gathered in the field,

And all call out to me to lead them on

With sword and cross upon the walls of Wilna.

And yet—with shame I must confess—ev’n now,

While destinies of mighty nations pend,

I think of thee, and still invent delays,

That we may pass together one more day.

O youth! how fearful was thy sacrifice!

When young, love, happiness, a very heaven,

I for a nation’s cause could sacrifice

With grief, but courage;—and to-day, grown old,—

To-day despair, my duty, and God’s will

Compel me to the field, and still I dare not

Tear my grey head from these walls’ pedestal,

That I may not forego thy sweet conversing.

He ceased. Groans only issued from the tower.

Long hours flowed by in silence. Now the night

Reddened, and now the water’s stilly face

Blushed with the ray of dawn. Among the leaves

Of sleeping bushes with a rustling murmur

The morning freshness flew. The birds awoke

With their soft notes, then once again they ceased,

And by long-during silence gave to know

They had too early woken. Konrad rose,

Lifted his eyes unto the tower, and looked

With anguish on the grate. The nightingale

Awoke in song, then Konrad looked around.

’Tis morning! and he let his visor down,

And in his cloak’s wide folds concealed his face.

With beckoning of his hand he signs adieu,

And in the bushes how is lost

Ev’n thus,

A spirit infernal from a hermit’s door

Doth vanish at the sound of matin bell.

[pg 33]

IV.

The festival.

It was the Patron’s day, a solemn feast;

Komturs and brethren to the city ride;

White banners wave upon the castle towers:

Konrad invites the knights to festival.

A hundred white cloaks wave around the board,

On every mantle is the long black cross,—These

are the brethren, and behind them stand

The young esquires to serve them, in a ring.

Konrad sat at the top; upon his left

The place was Witold’s,[8] with his leaders brave,—

One time their foe, to-day the Order’s guest,

Leagued against Litwa as their firm ally.

The Master, rising, gives the festal word,

“Rejoice we in the Lord!” The goblets gleamed.

“Rejoice we in the Lord!” cried thousand voices.

The silver shone, the wine poured forth in streams.

Silent sat Wallenrod, upon his elbow

Leaning, and heard with scorn the unseemly noise.

The uproar ceased; scarcely low-spoken jests

Alternate here and there the cup’s light clash.

“Let us rejoice,” he says. “How now, my brethren!

Beseems it valiant knights to thus rejoice?

One time a drunken clamour, now low murmurs?

Must we then feast like bandits or like monks?

“There were far other customs in my time,

When on the battlefield with corpses piled,

On Castile’s mountains or in Finland’s woods,

We drank beside the camp-fire.

“Those were songs!

Is there no bard, no minstrel in the crowd?

Wine maketh glad indeed the heart of man,

But song it is that forms the spirit’s wine.”

Then various singers all at once arose;

A fat Italian here, with birdlike tones,

Sings Konrad’s valour and great piety;

And there a troubadour from the Garonne,

The stories of enamoured shepherds sings,

Of maids enchanted and of wandering knights.

Wallenrod slept;—meanwhile the songs are o’er.

Awakened sudden by the loss of sound,

He to the Italian cast a purse of gold.

“To me alone,” he said, “thou didst sing praise.

Another may not give thee recompense;

Take and depart. Let that young troubadour,

Who serveth youth and beauty, pardon us

That in the knightly throng we have no damsel,

To fasten a vain rosebud to his breast

The roses here are faded. I would have

Another bard,—the cloister knight desires

Another song; but be it wild and harsh,

Like to the voice of horns, the clash of swords.

And be it gloomy as the cloister walls,

And fiery as a solitary drunkard.

“Of us, who sanctify and murder men,

Let song of murderous tone proclaim the saintship,

And melt our heart, and rouse to rage,—and weary;

And let it then again affright the weary.

Such is our life, and such our song should be;

Who then will sing it?”

“I,” replied an old

And venerable man, who near the door

Sat ’mid the squires and pages, by his robe

Prussian or Litwin. Thick his beard, by age

Whitened; the last grey hairs wave on his head;

His brow and eyes are covered by a veil;

Sufferings and years are graven on his face.

He bore in his right hand a Prussian lute,

But towards the table stretched his left hand forth,

And by this sign entreated audience.

All then were silent.

“I will sing,” he cried.

“Once sang I to the Prussians and to Litwa;

Some now have perished in their land’s defence;

Others will not outlive their country’s loss,

But rather slay themselves upon her corse;

As servants true, in good and evil lot,

Will perish on their benefactor’s pile.

Others more shamefully in forests hide;

Others, like Witold, dwell among you here.

“But after death?—Germans! ye know full well.

Ask of the wicked traitors to their land

What, they shall do when, in that further world,

Condemned to burning of eternal fires,

They would their ancestors invoke from paradise?

What language shall entreat them for their aid?

If in their German, their barbaric speech,

The forefathers will know their children’s voice.

“O children! what a foul disgrace for Litwa,

That none of you, aye, none, defended me,

When from the shrine, the hoary Wajdelote,[4]

Away they dragged me into German chains!

Alone in foreign lands have I grown old.

A singer!—alas! to no one can I sing!

On Litwa looking, I wept out mine eyes.

To-day, if I would sigh towards my home,

I know not where that home beloved lies,

If here, or there, or in another place.

“Here only, in my heart, have I preserved

That in my Fatherland my best possession;

And these poor remnants of my former treasure

You Germans take from me,—take memory from me!

“As a defeated knight in tournament

Escapes with life though honour has been lost;

And, dragging out despisèd days in scorn,

Returns once more unto his conqueror;

And for the last time straining forth his arm,

Breaketh his sword beneath the victor’s feet,—

So my last failing courage me inspires;

Yet once more to the lute my hand is bold;

Let the last Wajdelote of Litwa sing

Litwa’s last song!”

He ended, and awaited

The Master’s answer. All in silence deep

Await. With mockery and with curious eye

Konrad tracks Witold’s every look and motion.

They noted all how when the Wajdelote

Of traitors spoke, a change o’er Witold came.

Livid he grew and pale again he blushed,

Alike tormented by his rage and shame.

At last, his sabre casting from his side,

He goes, dividing all the astonished crowd.

He looked upon the old man, stayed his steps;

The clouds of anger hanging o’er his brow

Fell sudden in a rapid flood of tears;

He turned, sat down, with cloak he veiled his face,

And into secret meditation plunged

The Germans whispered, “Shall we to our feasts

Admit old beggars? Who will hear the song,

And who will understand?” Such voices were

Among the crowd of revellers, and broken

By constant peals of ever-growing laughter.

The pages cry, whistling on nuts, “Behold!

This is the tune of the Litvanian song.”

Upon that Konrad rose. “Ye valiant knights!

To-day the Order, by a solemn custom,

Receiveth gifts from princes and from towns,

As homage from a conquered country due.

The beggar brings a song as offering

To you: forbid we not the old man’s homage.

Take we the song; ’twill be the widow’s mite.

“Among us we behold the Litwin prince;

His captains are the Order’s guests: to him

Sweet will it be to list the memory

Of ancient deeds, recalled in native speech.

Who understands not, let him go from hence.

I love betimes to hear the gloomy groans

Of those Litvanian songs, not understood,

Even as I love the noise of warring waves,

Or the soft murmur of the rain in spring;—

Sweetly they charm to sleep. Sing, ancient bard!”

Song of the Wajdelote.[9]

When over Litwa cometh plague and death,

The bard’s prophetic eye beholds, afraid.

If to the Wajdelote’s word be given faith,

On desert plains and churchyards, sayeth fame,

Stands visibly the pestilential maid,[10]

In white, upon her brow a wreath of flame,—

Her brow the trees of Bialowiez[11] outbraves,—

And in her hand a blood-stained cloth she waves.

The castle guards in terror veil their eyes,

The peasants’ dogs, deep burrowing in the ground,

Scent death approaching, howl with fearful cries

The maid’s ill-boding step, o’er all is found;

O’er hamlets, castles, and rich towns she goes.

Oft as she waves the bloody cloth, no less

A palace changes to a wilderness;

Where treads her foot a recent grave up-grows.

O woeful sight! But yet a heavier doom

Foretold to Litwa from the German side,—

The shining helmet with the ostrich plume,

And the wide mantle with the black cross dyed.

For where that spectre’s fearful step has passed,

Nought is a hamlet’s ruin or a town,

But a whole country to the grave is cast

O thou to whom is Litwa’s spirit dear!

Come, on the graves of nations sit we down;

We’ll meditate, and sing, and shed the tear.

O native song! between the elder day,

Ark of the Covenant, and younger times,

Wherein their heroes’ swords the people lay,

Their flowers of thought and web of native rhymes.

Thou ark! no stroke can break thee or subdue,

While thine own people hold thee not debased.

O native song! thou art as guardian placed,

Defending memories of a nation’s word.

The Archangel’s wings are thine, his voice thine too,

And often wieldest thou Archangel’s sword.

The flame devoureth story’s pictured words,

And thieves with steel wide scatter treasure hoards.

But scatheless is the song the poet sings.

And should vile spirits still refuse to give

Sorrow and hope, whereby the song may live,

Upward she flieth and to ruins clings,

And thence relateth ancient histories.

The nightingale from burning dwellings flits,

But on the roof, a moment yet she sits;

When falls the roof she to the forest flies,

And from her laden breast o’er dying embers,

Sings a low dirge the passer-by remembers.

I heard the song! An ancient peasant swain,

When over bones his iron ploughshare rang,

Stood, and on flute of willow played a strain,

Prayers for the dead, or, with a rhymed lament,

Of you, great childless fathers, then he sang.

The echoes answered. I from far did hear,

And sorrow brought the sight and song more near;

In eyes and ears my spirit all was bent.

As on the judgment-day the dead past all

The Archangel’s trumpet from the tomb shall call,

So from the song the dead bones upward grew

To giant forms, from sleep of death awake,

Pillars and arches from their ruin anew,

And countless oars splashed in the desert lake;

And soon the castle-gates wide open seemed,

And princes’ crowns and warriors’ armour gleamed.

Now sing the bards, the dance the maidens weave;

I dreamed of marvels,—and awoke to grieve.

Forests and native hills are vanished,

And thought doth fail, on weary pinions fled,

And sinketh in a hidden stillness drear.

The lute is silent in my stiffened hand,

And ’mid the groan of comrades of my land,

The voices of the past I may not hear.

Still something of that youthful fire once mine

Smoulders within me, and at times its light

Wakens the soul and maketh memory bright.

Then memory, like a lamp of crystalline,

The pencil has with painted colours decked,

Although by dust bedimmed, with scars beflecked;

Place but within its heart a little light,

With freshness of its colours eyes are lured,

On palace walls yet gleaming fair and bright,

Lovely, though yet with dusty cloud obscured.

O could I but this fire of mine impart

To all my hearers’ breasts, the shapes upraise

Of those dead times, and reach the very heart

Of all my brothers with my burning lays!

But haply even in this passing hour,

Now when their native song their hearts can move,

The pulses of those hearts may beat more strong,

Their souls may feel the ancient pride and love;

And live one moment in such noble power,

As lived their forefathers their whole life long.

But why invoke the ages long gone by,

And for the present’s glory find no voice?

For in your midst a great man liveth nigh—

I sing of him. Ye, Litwini, rejoice!

Silent the old man was, and hearkened round,

If still the Germans will permit his song.

Around the hall there reigned a silence deep;

This warms all poets to a newer zeal.

Once more he raised his song, but other theme;

O’er freer cadences his voice did range.

More rarely he, and lighter, touched the strings,

Descending from the hymn to simple story.

The Wajdelote’s Tale.

Whence come the Litwins? From a nightly sally;

From church and castle they have won rich spoils,

And crowds of German slaves with fettered hands,

Ropes on their necks, follow the victors’ steeds.

They look towards Prussia and dissolve in tears,

On Kowno look, commend their souls to God.

In midst of Kowno stretches Perun’s plain;

The Litwin princes, there returned from conquest,

Do burn the German knights in sacrifice.[12]

Two captive knights untroubled ride to Kowno,

One fair and young, the other bowed with years.

They in the battle left the German troops,

Fled to the Litwins. Kiejstut did receive them,

But led them to the castle under guard.

He asks their race, with what intent they come.

“I know not,” said the youth, “my race or name;

In childhood was I made the Germans’ captive.

I recollect alone, somewhere in Litwa,

Amid a great town stood my father’s house.

It was a wooden town on lofty hills,