Transcriber's Note: The verses in the section on Gestures of Actors on p. [309] are loosely quoted from "The Rosciad" by Charles Churchill, which more accurately reads:
"... When to enforce some very tender part,
The right hand slips by instinct on the heart,
His soul, of every other thought bereft,
Is anxious only where to place the left;..."
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION—BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY.
J.W. POWELL, DIRECTOR.
SIGN LANGUAGE
AMONG
NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS
COMPARED WITH THAT AMONG OTHER PEOPLES AND DEAF-MUTES.
BY
GARRICK MALLERY.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Fig. Page
61. Affirmation, approving. Old Roman [286]
62. Approbation. Neapolitan [286]
63. Affirmation, approbation. N.A. Indian [286]
64. Group. Old Greek. Facing [289]
65. Negation. Dakota [290]
66. Love. Modern Neapolitan [290]
67. Group. Old Greek. Facing [290]
68. Hesitation. Neapolitan [291]
69. Wait. N.A. Indian [291]
70. Question, asking. Neapolitan [291]
71. Tell me. N.A. Indian [291]
72. Interrogation. Australian [291]
73. Pulcinella [292]
74. Thief. Neapolitan [292]
75. Steal. N.A. Indian [293]
76. Public writer. Neapolitan group. Facing [296]
77. Money. Neapolitan [297]
78. "Hot Corn." Neapolitan Group. Facing [297]
79. "Horn" sign. Neapolitan [298]
80. Reproach. Old Roman [298]
81. Marriage contract. Neapolitan group. Facing [298]
82. Negation. Pai-Ute sign [299]
83. Coming home of bride. Neapolitan group. Facing [299]
84. Pretty. Neapolitan [300]
85. "Mano in fica." Neapolitan [300]
86. Snapping the fingers. Neapolitan [300]
87. Joy, acclamation [300]
88. Invitation to drink wine [300]
89. Woman's quarrel. Neapolitan Group. Facing [301]
90. Chestnut vender. Facing [301]
91. Warning. Neapolitan [302]
92. Justice. Neapolitan [302]
93. Little. Neapolitan [302]
94. Little. N.A. Indian [302]
95. Little. N.A. Indian [302]
96. Demonstration. Neapolitan [302]
97. "Fool." Neapolitan [303]
98. "Fool." Ib. [303]
99. "Fool." Ib. [303]
100. Inquiry. Neapolitan [303]
101. Crafty, deceitful. Neapolitan [303]
102. Insult. Neapolitan [304]
103. Insult. Neapolitan [304]
104. Silence. Neapolitan [304]
105. Child. Egyptian hieroglyph [304]
106. Negation. Neapolitan [305]
107. Hunger. Neapolitan [305]
108. Mockery. Neapolitan [305]
109. Fatigue. Neapolitan [305]
110. Deceit. Neapolitan [305]
111. Astuteness, readiness. Neapolitan [305]
112. Tree. Dakota, Hidatsa [343]
113. To grow. N.A. Indian [343]
114. Rain. Shoshoni, Apache [344]
115. Sun. N.A. Indian [344]
116. Sun. Cheyenne [344]
117. Soldier. Arikara [345]
118. No, negation. Egyptian [355]
119. Negation. Maya [356]
120. Nothing. Chinese [356]
121. Child. Egyptian figurative [356]
122. Child. Egyptian linear [356]
123. Child. Egyptian hieratic [356]
124. Son. Ancient Chinese [356]
125. Son. Modern Chinese [356]
126. Birth. Chinese character [356]
127. Birth. Dakota [356]
128. Birth, generic. N.A. Indians [357]
129. Man. Mexican [357]
130. Man. Chinese character [357]
131. Woman. Chinese character [357]
132. Woman. Ute [357]
133. Female, generic. Cheyenne [357]
134. To give water. Chinese character [357]
135. Water, to drink. N.A. Indian [357]
136. Drink. Mexican [357]
137. Water. Mexican [357]
138. Water, giving. Egypt [358]
139. Water. Egyptian [358]
140. Water, abbreviated [358]
141. Water. Chinese character [358]
142. To weep. Ojibwa pictograph [358]
143. Force, vigor. Egyptian [358]
144. Night. Egyptian [358]
145. Calling upon. Egyptian figurative [359]
146. Calling upon. Egyptian linear [359]
147. To collect, to unite. Egyptian [359]
148. Locomotion. Egyptian figurative [359]
149. Locomotion. Egyptian linear [359]
150. Shun'-ka Lu'-ta. Dakota [365]
151. "I am going to the east." Abnaki [369]
152. "Am not gone far." Abnaki [369]
153. "Gone far." Abnaki [370]
154. "Gone five days' journey." Abnaki [370]
155. Sun. N.A. Indian [370]
156. Sun. Egyptian [370]
157. Sun. Egyptian [370]
158. Sun with rays. Ib. [371]
159. Sun with rays. Ib. [371]
160. Sun with rays. Moqui pictograph [371]
161. Sun with rays. Ib. [371]
162. Sun with rays. Ib. [371]
163. Sun with rays. Ib. [371]
164. Star. Moqui pictograph [371]
165. Star. Moqui pictograph [371]
166. Star. Moqui pictograph [371]
167. Star. Moqui pictograph [371]
168. Star. Peruvian pictograph [371]
169. Star. Ojibwa pictograph [371]
170. Sunrise. Moqui do. [371]
171. Sunrise. Ib. [371]
172. Sunrise. Ib. [371]
173. Moon, month. Californian pictograph [371]
174. Pictograph, including sun. Coyotero Apache [372]
175. Moon. N.A. Indian [372]
176. Moon. Moqui pictograph [372]
177. Moon. Ojibwa pictograph [372]
178. Sky. Ib. [372]
179. Sky. Egyptian character [372]
180. Clouds. Moqui pictograph [372]
181. Clouds. Ib. [372]
182. Clouds. Ib. [372]
183. Cloud. Ojibwa pictograph [372]
184. Rain. New Mexican pictograph [373]
185. Rain. Moqui pictograph [373]
186. Lightning. Moqui pictograph [373]
187. Lightning. Ib. [373]
188. Lightning, harmless. Pictograph at Jemez, N.M. [373]
189. Lightning, fatal. Do. [373]
190. Voice. "The-Elk-that-hollows-walking" [373]
191. Voice. Antelope. Cheyenne drawing [373]
192. Voice, talking. Cheyenne drawing [374]
193. Killing the buffalo. Cheyenne drawing [375]
194. Talking. Mexican pictograph [376]
195. Talking, singing. Maya character [376]
196. Hearing ears. Ojibwa pictograph [376]
197. "I hear, but your words are from a bad heart." Ojibwa [376]
198. Hearing serpent. Ojibwa pictograph [376]
199. Royal edict. Maya [377]
200. To kill. Dakota [377]
201. "Killed Arm." Dakota [377]
202. Pictograph, including "kill." Wyoming Ter. [378]
203. Pictograph, including "kill." Wyoming Ter. [378]
204. Pictograph, including "kill." Wyoming Ter. [379]
205. Veneration. Egyptian character [379]
206. Mercy. Supplication, favor. Egyptian [379]
207. Supplication. Mexican pictograph [380]
208. Smoke. Ib. [380]
209. Fire. Ib. [381]
210. "Making medicine." Conjuration. Dakota [381]
211. Meda. Ojibwa pictograph [381]
212. The God Knuphis. Egyptian [381]
213. The God Knuphis. Ib. [381]
214. Power. Ojibwa pictograph [381]
215. Meda's Power. Ib. [381]
216. Trade pictograph [382]
217. Offering. Mexican pictograph [382]
218. Stampede of horses. Dakota [382]
219. Chapultepec. Mexican pictograph [383]
220. Soil. Ib. [383]
221. Cultivated soil. Ib. [383]
222. Road, path. Ib. [383]
223. Cross-roads and gesture sign. Mexican pictograph [383]
224. Small-pox or measles. Dakota [383]
225. "No thoroughfare." Pictograph [383]
226. Raising of war party. Dakota [384]
227. "Led four war parties." Dakota drawing [384]
228. Sociality. Friendship. Ojibwa pictograph [384]
229. Peace. Friendship. Dakota [384]
230. Peace. Friendship with whites. Dakota [385]
231. Friendship. Australian [385]
232. Friend. Brulé Dakota [386]
233. Lie, falsehood. Arikara [393]
234. Antelope. Dakota [410]
235. Running Antelope. Personal totem [410]
236. Bad. Dakota [411]
237. Bear. Cheyenne [412]
238. Bear. Kaiowa, etc. [413]
239. Bear. Ute [413]
240. Bear. Moqui pictograph [413]
241. Brave. N.A. Indian [414]
242. Brave. Kaiowa, etc. [415]
243. Brave. Kaiowa, etc. [415]
244. Chief. Head of tribe. Absaroka [418]
245. Chief. Head of tribe. Pai-Ute [418]
246. Chief of a band. Absaroka and Arikara [419]
247. Chief of a band. Pai-Ute [419]
248. Warrior. Absaroka, etc. [420]
249. Ojibwa gravestone, including "dead" [422]
250. Dead. Shoshoni and Banak [422]
251. Dying. Kaiowa, etc. [424]
252. Nearly dying. Kaiowa [424]
253. Log house. Hidatsa [428]
254. Lodge. Dakota [430]
255. Lodge. Kaiowa, etc. [431]
256. Lodge. Sahaptin [431]
257. Lodge. Pai-Ute [431]
258. Lodge. Pai-Ute [431]
259. Lodge. Kutchin [431]
260. Horse. N.A. Indian [434]
261. Horse. Dakota [434]
262. Horse. Kaiowa, etc. [435]
263. Horse. Caddo [435]
264. Horse. Pima and Papago [435]
265. Horse. Ute [435]
266. Horse. Ute [435]
267. Saddling a horse. Ute [437]
268. Kill. N.A. Indian [438]
269. Kill. Mandan and Hidatsa [439]
270. Negation. No. Dakota [441]
271. Negation. No. Pai-Ute [442]
272. None. Dakota [443]
273. None. Australian [444]
274. Much, quantity. Apache [447]
275. Question. Australian [449]
276. Soldier. Dakota and Arikara [450]
277. Trade. Dakota [452]
278. Trade. Dakota [452]
279. Buy. Ute [453]
280. Yes, affirmation. Dakota [456]
281. Absaroka tribal sign. Shoshoni [458]
282. Apache tribal sign. Kaiowa, etc. [459]
283. Apache tribal sign. Pima and Papago [459]
284. Arikara tribal sign. Arapaho and Dakota [461]
285. Arikara tribal sign. Absaroka [461]
286. Blackfoot tribal sign. Dakota [463]
287. Blackfoot tribal sign. Shoshoni [464]
288. Caddo tribal sign. Arapaho and Kaiowa [464]
289. Cheyenne tribal sign. Arapaho and Cheyenne [464]
290. Dakota tribal sign. Dakota [467]
291. Flathead tribal sign. Shoshoni [468]
292. Kaiowa tribal sign. Comanche [470]
293. Kutine tribal sign. Shoshoni [471]
294. Lipan tribal sign. Apache [471]
295. Pend d'Oreille tribal sign. Shoshoni [473]
296. Sahaptin or Nez Percé tribal sign. Comanche [473]
297. Shoshoni tribal sign. Shoshoni [474]
298. Buffalo. Dakota [477]
299. Eagle Tail. Arikara [477]
300. Eagle Tail. Moqui pictograph [477]
301. Give me. Absaroka [480]
302. Counting. How many? Shoshoni and Banak [482]
303. I am going home. Dakota [485]
304. Question. Apache [486]
305. Shoshoni tribal sign. Shoshoni [486]
306. Chief. Shoshoni [487]
307. Cold, winter, year. Apache [487]
308. "Six." Shoshoni [487]
309. Good, very well. Apache [487]
310. Many. Shoshoni [488]
311. Hear, heard. Apache [488]
312. Night. Shoshoni [489]
313. Rain. Shoshoni [489]
314. See each other. Shoshoni [490]
315. White man, American. Dakota [491]
316. Hear, heard. Dakota [492]
317. Brother. Pai-Ute [502]
318. No, negation. Pai-Ute [503]
319. Scene of Na-wa-gi-jig's story. Facing [508]
320. We are friends. Wichita [521]
321. Talk, talking. Wichita [521]
322. I stay, or I stay right here. Wichita [521]
323. A long time. Wichita [522]
324. Done, finished. Do. [522]
325. Sit down. Australian [523]
326. Cut down. Wichita [524]
327. Wagon. Wichita [525]
328. Load upon. Wichita [525]
329. White man; American. Hidatsa [526]
330. With us. Hidatsa [526]
331. Friend. Hidatsa [527]
332. Four. Hidatsa [527]
333. Lie, falsehood. Hidatsa [528]
334. Done, finished. Hidatsa [528]
335. Peace, friendship. Hualpais. Facing [530]
336. Question, ans'd by tribal sign for Pani. Facing [531]
337. Buffalo discovered. Dakota. Facing [532]
338. Discovery. Dakota. Facing [533]
339. Success of war party. Pima. Facing [538]
340. Outline for arm positions, full face [545]
341. Outline for arm positions, profile [545]