DRAMATIC HOURS IN REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
Caesar Rodney's Ride
BY
HENRY FISK CARLTON
Edited by CLAIRE T. ZYVE, Ph.D.
Fox Meadow School, Scarsdale, New York
BUREAU OF PUBLICATIONS
TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
NEW YORK CITY
HOW TO BE A GOOD RADIO ACTOR
The play in this book has actually been produced on the radio. Possibly you have listened to this one when you tuned in at home. The persons whose voices you heard as you listened, looked just as they did when they left their homes to go to the studio, although they were taking the parts of men and women who lived long ago and who wore costumes very different from the ones we wear today.
The persons whose voices you heard stood close together around the microphone, each one reading from a copy of the play in his hand. Since they could not be seen, they did not act parts as in other plays, but tried to make their voices show how they felt.
When you give these plays you will not need costumes and you will not need scenery, although you can easily arrange a broadcasting studio if you wish. You will not need to memorize your parts; in fact, it will not be like a real radio broadcast if you do so, and, furthermore, you will not want to, since you will each have a copy of the book in your hands. All you will need to do is to remember that you are taking the part of a radio actor, that you are to read your speeches very distinctly, and that by your voice you will make your audience understand how you feel. In this way you will have the fun of living through some of the great moments of history.
HOW TO FOLLOW DIRECTIONS IN THE PLAY
There are some directions in this play which may be new to you, but these are necessary, for you are now in a radio broadcasting studio, talking in front of a microphone. The word [in] means that the character is standing close to the microphone, while [off] indicates that he is farther away, so that his voice sounds faint. When the directions [off, coming in] are given, the person speaking is away from the microphone at first but gradually comes closer. The words [mob] or [crowd noise] you will understand mean the sound of many people talking in the distance.
Both the English and the dialect used help make the characters live, so the speeches have been written in the way in which these men and women would talk. This means that sometimes the character may use what seems to you unusual English. The punctuation helps, too, to make the speeches sound like real conversation; for example, you will find that a dash is often used to show that a character is talking very excitedly.
CAESAR RODNEY'S RIDE
CAST
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
JOHN HANCOCK
JOHN RUTLEDGE
THOMAS MCKEEN
URIAH CLARKE
CAESAR RODNEY
PRUDENCE RODNEY
TOM
VOICES
ANNOUNCER
On July 1, 1776, the Continental Congress of the American Colonies faced one of the most important crises this country has ever passed through. Upon what happened that night depended the fate of the resolution before Congress which declared that: "These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved." This was known as the Lee Resolution, the fate of which was to be decided by one of the most famous rides in history—Caesar Rodney's ride.
Let us begin our story on the morning of July 1, 1776, in the Continental Congress at Philadelphia. For nearly three hours the Lee Resolution has been the subject of furious debate. The members are all excited, anxious, overwrought. The debate has become bitter, for some of the members are unalterably opposed to independence. It is about noon when Dr. Franklin rises to address the Chair:
FRANKLIN
Mr. President—
HANCOCK
Dr. Franklin.
FRANKLIN
I have sat uneasily, sir, during the furious debate, hoping that the storm would subside, and the bright sun of reason would shine upon us through the parting clouds. But, sir, I am fearful that the storm is gathering with new fury, and that we may be blown too far from our course to steer safely into harbor. Perhaps, sir, we should end this debate which seems to bid fair to wreck our unity. I move you, sir, that we lay the Lee Resolution on the table.
ALL
No, no, bring it to a vote!
Yes, lay it on the table!
Let's vote on it now!
Have it over with! [etc.]
HANCOCK [sound of gavel]
Order! Order! Do I hear a second to Dr. Franklin's motion?
VOICE
Second!
HANCOCK
You have heard the motion—are there any remarks?
RUTLEDGE
Mr. President—
HANCOCK
Mr. Rutledge of South Carolina.
RUTLEDGE
I believe, sir, with Dr. Franklin, that the debate has lasted too long; but, sir, I am hopeful that with only a little more delay we may secure unanimous action on the most important question which has ever been before this body. With Dr. Franklin's permission, I suggest an amendment, sir, that the resolution be laid upon the table until tomorrow morning. [murmurs and comments]
HANCOCK
Does Dr. Franklin accept the amendment?
FRANKLIN
Mr. President, I have only one desire in this matter, and that is to see this body united and of one mind. If in the peace of a quiet July afternoon and the tranquillity of a night's rest we can find that bond which will unite us and hold us together, I say, yes—I accept Mr. Rutledge's amendment. Let us vote upon the Lee Resolution tomorrow morning.
VOICE
But the first thing tomorrow morning!
FRANKLIN
Yes—the first thing tomorrow morning. [murmurs of assent]
HANCOCK [sound of gavel]
You have heard the motion. Are there any further remarks?
ALL
Question! Question! Question!
HANCOCK
Those favoring?
ALL
Aye—aye—aye—
HANCOCK
Contrary minded?—Carried! [sound of gavel]
RUTLEDGE
And now, sir, I move we adjourn until nine o'clock tomorrow morning.
VOICE
Second!
HANCOCK
Before putting Mr. Rutledge's motion to adjourn, I wish to caution all the members to the greatest secrecy. Whatever the outcome of our deliberation, we can only cause harm to ourselves and to our country by divulging what has been done here. The motion to adjourn is before the Congress. Those favoring?
ALL
Aye—aye—aye—
HANCOCK
Contrary minded?—Carried! [sound of gavel] Congress is adjourned until nine o'clock tomorrow morning.
ALL [confusion and noise]
It can't be done!
It's useless!
We can never get them to vote with us!
We must be united!
We can never unite on independence!
We must bring this thing about!
Will you join me?
We have no power to vote. [etc.]
FRANKLIN
Oh, Mr. Rutledge—
RUTLEDGE [off]
Yes, Dr. Franklin?
FRANKLIN
RUTLEDGE [coming in]
Of course, Doctor—what is it?
FRANKLIN
Sit down here, my boy.
RUTLEDGE
Thank you.
FRANKLIN
Do you think you can swing the South Carolina delegation for independence?
RUTLEDGE
I don't know, Dr. Franklin, but I've invited them to my lodging to dine with me and talk over the question.
FRANKLIN
Good, good! Often an excellent meal and a taste of fine wine carry more conviction than hours of argument. As I see it now, we must swing South Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Delaware into line before tomorrow morning.
RUTLEDGE
Count on me for South Carolina.
FRANKLIN
And I'll take care of Pennsylvania. I think I'll try your strategy—I'll invite the delegation to dinner.
RUTLEDGE
Then that leaves Delaware.
FRANKLIN
I wonder if McKeen of Delaware, who favors independence—
RUTLEDGE
FRANKLIN [going on]
—can't swing Dr. Reed in the same way.
RUTLEDGE
Perhaps.
FRANKLIN
Oh, there's McKeen now. Call him over here—will you, Rutledge?
RUTLEDGE
Of course. [calling] Oh, Mr. McKeen! Mr. McKeen!
MCKEEN [off]
Yes?
RUTLEDGE
Come over here a moment—will you, please?
MCKEEN
Why, certainly. [coming in] Well, Dr. Franklin, we had a stormy session this morning.
FRANKLIN
All that will be forgotten—
MCKEEN
In victory.
FRANKLIN
If only we can make our victory complete.
MCKEEN
True.
FRANKLIN
What chance is there for Delaware to join us?
MCKEEN
None, I'm afraid. Dr. Reed and I are the only delegates here—and he is as unalterably opposed to independence as I am in favor of it. The vote of Delaware won't count.
FRANKLIN
What about getting another favoring delegate here by tomorrow? Could you do that?
MCKEEN
Well, Doctor, I'm afraid it's out of the question. Caesar Rodney favors the resolution, I know, but he's at home in Dover, Delaware.
FRANKLIN
Send a postrider for him!
MCKEEN
It's eighty miles.
FRANKLIN
Well, that's not impossible. We have until nine o'clock tomorrow morning—it's now—let's see—just a little after twelve—that's nearly twenty-one hours.
MCKEEN
But Rodney was very ill when he went home last week.
FRANKLIN
Perhaps he's better by now. Write him a letter—send it by the postrider—urge upon him the enormous importance of his getting here by tomorrow morning.
MCKEEN
Well, I can try it.
FRANKLIN
Do, Mr. McKeen, for we must have unanimous action on this question! We must hang together on this, or we'll all hang separately!
MCKEEN
All right, sir, I'll go to the postrider's at once! Good day.
FRANKLIN
Good day. And let us pray that Rodney gets here!
ANNOUNCER
So McKeen hurried to the postrider's stable. Now the postrider was to the people of Revolutionary days what the telegraph or the telephone is to us today. He carried messages at a very rapid rate, for those days, by changing horses every ten or fifteen miles.
As McKeen came up to the post stable, he saw the stableman sitting on a bench, hard at work cleaning a saddle.
MCKEEN
Good day, sir.
URIAH
Day to ye.
MCKEEN
I want a postrider.
URIAH
Wal', postriders are all out, sir.
MCKEEN
Oh, too bad! When do you expect one back?
URIAH
Dunno fer certain. Mebbe three or four hours—mebbe longer.
MCKEEN
But look here—I can't wait that long—I want one right away!
URIAH
I'm right sorry, sir, but thar ain't nawthin' I kin do about et. Come back this evenin' and I kin hev a man fer ye, but not before.
MCKEEN
URIAH
My name's Uriah Clarke—at yer service.
MCKEEN
All right, Mr. Clarke, I've got to have a postrider to carry a very important message to Dover, Delaware, to get a man back here from Dover by nine o'clock tomorrow morning.
URIAH
Dover, Delaware, and back?
MCKEEN
Yes, by nine tomorrow morning!
URIAH
Why, sir, it's nigh onto eighty mile to Delaware.
MCKEEN
I know it.
URIAH
Eighty mile thar and eighty mile back—why, pshaw, sir, we couldn't do thet under a whole day—even ef we hed a rider to send out right now—which we ain't.
MCKEEN
Twenty-five pounds if you'll do it!
URIAH
But how kin we? Ain't I jest told ye we ain't got no riders?
MCKEEN
Why can't you go?
URIAH
Law, sir, I ain't rode a trip like thet fer years. It 'ud more than likely kill me.
MCKEEN
URIAH
No, sir!
MCKEEN
Name your own sum.
URIAH
Ye couldn't pay me, sir—not fer thet ride. I know thet road like a book—bad, slow, hard on hoss flesh when ye take it easy. I'd stave up half my hosses—not to mention myself, sir, and I hev a mind fer myself, too.
MCKEEN
Change riders—change your horses oftener—but make it you must!
URIAH
Not ef 'twas a matter of life and death, sir.
MCKEEN
It's more than that!
URIAH
Eh? What? What ye talkin' about?
MCKEEN
It's a matter of life and death for a nation—our country!
URIAH
Is et somethin' to do with Congress, sir?
MCKEEN
It is.
URIAH
Wal', sir, I'm a Son of Liberty, and et's my sworn duty to go whar I'm wanted fer liberty, and ef thet's et—
MCKEEN
URIAH
Then I'll go.
MCKEEN
I'll pay your price.
URIAH
Thar won't be no price! I'll git yer man to Philadelphia tomorrow mornin' ef I hev to carry him myself. Who's yer man?
MCKEEN
Caesar Rodney of Dover, Delaware. Here's a letter for him.
URIAH
Caesar Rodney—I'll fetch him!
MCKEEN
Good!
URIAH [going]
Hey, Jim! Throw a saddle on thet bay mare! [orders fade out]
ANNOUNCER
For our next scene let us look in at the home of Caesar Rodney in Dover, Delaware. It is nearly eight o'clock on the evening of July 1, 1776. Rodney, pale and drawn, with the languid air of a man but recently out of a sick bed, is sitting in an easy chair. Mrs. Rodney is hovering over him with a protecting anxiety—
PRUDENCE
You're sure you feel strong enough to sit up, Caesar?
RODNEY
Yes, yes, Prudence, I'm all right, I tell you.
PRUDENCE
You're sure you're not in any pain?
RODNEY
No, no, dear, I'm all right—just weak, that's all.
PRUDENCE
Now, Caesar, you just mustn't overtax your strength—remember this is only the second day you've been out of bed.
RODNEY
Yes, dear.
PRUDENCE
And the physician said you mustn't overdo.
RODNEY
All right, dear. I wonder what's happening in Philadelphia.
PRUDENCE
You must get your mind off Congress. You mustn't worry.
RODNEY
I know, but—what date's today?
PRUDENCE
July first—why?
RODNEY
July first. Why, today the Lee Resolution was to come up for final action! Oh, I'm sorry I wasn't there!
PRUDENCE
What's the Lee Resolution?
RODNEY
It's the most important motion that's come before the Continental Congress in the two years Congress has been sitting.
PRUDENCE
What's it about?
RODNEY
Independence.
PRUDENCE
You mean to say they're even considering such a thing?
RODNEY
Of course. It's the only thing left for us. We've got to declare our independence.
PRUDENCE
Well, I'm mighty glad you weren't there today to vote for it.
RODNEY
Why?
PRUDENCE
You'd just have put a rope around your neck.
RODNEY
My dear, I've done that long ago. [knocking] See who's at the door, dear.
PRUDENCE
All right. [knocking] Yes, yes, I'm coming. [door opens]
URIAH [off]
Does Caesar Rodney dwell here?
PRUDENCE
Yes, what's wanted?
URIAH
Kin I see him, ma'm?
PRUDENCE
He's just out of a sick bed and not very strong.
URIAH
Et's very important, ma'm.
RODNEY [calling]
Ask him to come in, Prudence.
PRUDENCE
Well, just a minute—and don't excite him. Right in this way.
URIAH
Be ye Caesar Rodney?
RODNEY
Yes.
URIAH
Here's a letter fer ye.
RODNEY