Ernst Simon Bloch was a German Marxist philosopher. Bloch was influenced by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Karl Marx, as well as by apocalyptic and religious thinkers such as Thomas Müntzer, Paracelsus, and Jacob Böhme. He established friendships with György Lukács, Bertolt Brecht, Kurt Weill, Walter Benjamin, and Theodor W. Adorno. Bloch's work focuses on an optimistic teleology of the history of mankind.
Ernst Alfred Cassirer was a German philosopher. Trained within the Neo-Kantian Marburg School, he initially followed his mentor Hermann Cohen in attempting to supply an idealistic philosophy of science.
Ernst Cohn-Wiener (1882–1941) was a German historian of Islamic art. Born in the city of Tilsit, he studied the history of art, archaeology, and philosophy in Berlin and Heidelberg from 1902 to 1906. He received his PhD from Heidelberg in 1907. In the 1920s his interest turned to Islamic art history and he resolved to explore the monuments of Central Asia, a little-known field at the time. After expeditions in 1924 and 1925, he published Turan: Islamische Baukunst in Mittelasien. In 1933 Cohn-Wiener lost his position due to the anti-Semitic policies of the Nazis and he emigrated with his wife to India where he was employed by the Maharaja of Baroda. In 1939 emigrated to the USA where he died in 1941.
Ernst Florian Winter was an American historian and political scientist, the first director of the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna after World War II, and chairman of the International Council of the Austrian Service Abroad.
